Preprint Review Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

The Neuroprotective and Cognitive-Enhancing Effects of Bacopa monnieri: A Systematic Review

Luiz José Valotto Neto
,
Matheus Reverete
,
Renato Cesar Moretti Junior
,
Nathalia Mendes Machado
ORCID logo ,
Rakesh Kumar Joshi
,
Daiane dos Santos Buglio
,
Caroline Barbalho Lamas
,
Rosa Direito
,
Lucas Fornari Laurindo
,
Masaru Tanaka
* ORCID logo ,
Sandra Maria Barbalho
*
Version 1 : Received: 4 February 2024 / Approved: 5 February 2024 / Online: 5 February 2024 (04:02:47 CET)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Valotto Neto, L.J.; Reverete de Araujo, M.; Moretti Junior, R.C.; Mendes Machado, N.; Joshi, R.K.; dos Santos Buglio, D.; Barbalho Lamas, C.; Direito, R.; Fornari Laurindo, L.; Tanaka, M.; Barbalho, S.M. Investigating the Neuroprotective and Cognitive-Enhancing Effects of Bacopa monnieri: A Systematic Review Focused on Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, Mitochondrial Dysfunction, and Apoptosis. Antioxidants 2024, 13, 393. Valotto Neto, L.J.; Reverete de Araujo, M.; Moretti Junior, R.C.; Mendes Machado, N.; Joshi, R.K.; dos Santos Buglio, D.; Barbalho Lamas, C.; Direito, R.; Fornari Laurindo, L.; Tanaka, M.; Barbalho, S.M. Investigating the Neuroprotective and Cognitive-Enhancing Effects of Bacopa monnieri: A Systematic Review Focused on Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, Mitochondrial Dysfunction, and Apoptosis. Antioxidants 2024, 13, 393.

Abstract

The aging of the global population has increased the prevalence of neurodegenerative conditions. Bacopa monnieri (BM), an herb with active compounds, such as bacosides A and B, betulinic acid, loliolide, asiatic acid, and quercetin, demonstrates the potential for brain health. Limited research has been conducted on the therapeutic applications of BM in neurodegenerative conditions. This systematic review aims to project BM's beneficial role in brain disorders. BM has anti-apoptotic and antioxidant actions and can repair damaged neurons, stimulate kinase activity, restore synaptic function, improve nerve transmission, and increase neuroprotection. The included twenty-two clinical trials demonstrated that BM can reduce Nuclear Factor-κB phosphorylation, improve emotional function, cognitive functions, anhedonia, hyperactivity, sleep routine, depression, attention deficit, learning problems, memory retention, impulsivity, and psychiatric problems. Moreover, BM can reduce the levels of pro-inflammatory biomarkers and oxidative stress. Here, we highlight that BM provides notable therapeutic benefits and can serve as a complementary approach for the care of patients with neurodegenerative conditions associated with brain disorders. This review adds to the growing interest in natural products and their potential therapeutic applications by improving our understanding of the mechanisms underlying cognitive function and neurodegeneration and informing the development of new therapeutic strategies for neurodegenerative diseases.

Keywords

Bacopa monnieri; phytotherapy (plants, medicinal, herbal medicine); neurodegenerative diseases; Alzheimer´s disease; memory; cognitive functions; aging; neuroprotection; oxidative stress; antioxidants; neuropharmacology

Subject

Medicine and Pharmacology, Medicine and Pharmacology

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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