Tan, X.; Peng, G.; Muhammad, S.; Kaleem, S.; Jan, M.; Munir, R.; Chen, X.; Khattak, A.A.; Abbas, A.A.; Chen, Y.; Wang, X.; Afzal, M.; Tan, Z. Diversity of Unusual Ribosomal Genes and Ecological Origin of Rice (Oryza spp.). Agriculture2024, 14, 265.
Tan, X.; Peng, G.; Muhammad, S.; Kaleem, S.; Jan, M.; Munir, R.; Chen, X.; Khattak, A.A.; Abbas, A.A.; Chen, Y.; Wang, X.; Afzal, M.; Tan, Z. Diversity of Unusual Ribosomal Genes and Ecological Origin of Rice (Oryza spp.). Agriculture 2024, 14, 265.
Tan, X.; Peng, G.; Muhammad, S.; Kaleem, S.; Jan, M.; Munir, R.; Chen, X.; Khattak, A.A.; Abbas, A.A.; Chen, Y.; Wang, X.; Afzal, M.; Tan, Z. Diversity of Unusual Ribosomal Genes and Ecological Origin of Rice (Oryza spp.). Agriculture2024, 14, 265.
Tan, X.; Peng, G.; Muhammad, S.; Kaleem, S.; Jan, M.; Munir, R.; Chen, X.; Khattak, A.A.; Abbas, A.A.; Chen, Y.; Wang, X.; Afzal, M.; Tan, Z. Diversity of Unusual Ribosomal Genes and Ecological Origin of Rice (Oryza spp.). Agriculture 2024, 14, 265.
Abstract
Tandemly organized rRNA genes are the typical example of a multigene family, where individual members evolve coordinately within but independently between species due to gene conversion and unequal crossing over. More frequently, in eukaryotic species with an inter-species hybrid origin, expression of unhomogenized rRNA genes from one progenitor is epigenetically silenced because of nucleolus dominance, and distinct rRNA genes may lose functionality and evolve faster. Interestingly, we obtained unusual ribosomal gene sequences from Oryza species that showed great diversity and did not appear in the present rice genomic sequence. The diversity of rDNA sequences indicated that the homogenization in rice is incomplete and explains the introgression of distinct rRNA gene families into ancestral rice genome before speciation and continent separation. The divergent large subunit (LSU) ribosomal genes are expressed, some of them differentially, depending on the N-fertilization of plants. Detection of differential transcripts of the rRNA genes suggested that rRNA gene families are not functionally equivalent. Phylogenetic analysis assigned Oryza species branching order to monocots, and monocot lineages probably have the same ecological origin by molecular clock calculation. Therefore, our results suggested that the geographical distances of continents separation cause barriers to the gene flow and homogenization among Oryza species which requires further explanation,
Biology and Life Sciences, Agricultural Science and Agronomy
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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