Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Clinical Outcomes of Next-Generation Microwave Thermosphere Ablation for Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Primarily Hepatitis-Related Etiology

Shinichiro Nakamura
* ORCID logo ,
Toshifumi Tada
,
Masahiko Sue
,
Yu Matsuo
,
Shiho Murakami
,
Toshiro Muramatsu
,
Kazuhiko Morii
,
Hiroyuki Okada
Version 1 : Received: 25 October 2023 / Approved: 25 October 2023 / Online: 26 October 2023 (03:59:34 CEST)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Nakamura, S.; Tada, T.; Sue, M.; Matsuo, Y.; Murakami, S.; Muramatsu, T.; Morii, K.; Okada, H. Clinical Outcomes of Next-Generation Microwave Thermosphere Ablation for Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Primarily Hepatitis-Related Etiology. J. Clin. Med. 2023, 12, 7577. Nakamura, S.; Tada, T.; Sue, M.; Matsuo, Y.; Murakami, S.; Muramatsu, T.; Morii, K.; Okada, H. Clinical Outcomes of Next-Generation Microwave Thermosphere Ablation for Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Primarily Hepatitis-Related Etiology. J. Clin. Med. 2023, 12, 7577.

Abstract

Background and aim We investigated the clinical outcomes of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who underwent next-generation microwave thermosphere ablation (MTA). Methods A total of 429 patients with 607 HCCs (maximum tumor diameter ≤40 mm) were included. Results The primary etiologies of HCC were hepatitis-related: 259 (60.4%) cases of HCV, 31 (7.3%) cases of HBV, and two instances of both. Median maximum tumor diameter was 15.0 (interquartile range, 10.0–21.0) mm. There were 86 tumors in areas of the liver where MTA is difficult. The most common area was near the primary and secondary branches of the intrahepatic portal vein (26 nodules). The cumulative local tumor recurrence rates at 1, 2, and 3 years were 4.4%, 8.0%, and 8.5%, respectively. The cumulative local tumor recurrence rate differed significantly by tumor size group: ≤20 mm group (n=483), 20–30 mm group (n=107), and ≥30 mm group (n=17) (p<0.001). The cumulative local tumor recurrence rate was similar by difficult-to-treat status (p=0.169). In the multivariable analysis, tumor size (per 1 mm) (hazard ratio [HR], 1.07; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03–1.11; p<0.001) and ablative margin (per 1 mm) (HR, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.70–0.92; p=0.002) were significantly associated with local tumor recurrence. Only tumor size (per 1 mm) (odds ratio, 1.08; 95% CI, 1.02–1.15; p=0.015) was significantly associated with complications. Conclusions MTA is a safe and effective local ablation therapy for HCC, even for tumors located in areas of the liver where local ablation therapy is difficult.

Keywords

microwave thermosphere ablation; hepatocellular carcinoma; recurrence; safety

Subject

Medicine and Pharmacology, Gastroenterology and Hepatology

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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