Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Preeclampsia and Their Impact on Human Milk Activin A Concentration

Alessandra Coscia
,
Lorenzo Riboldi
* ,
Elena Spada
ORCID logo ,
Enrico Bertino
,
Stefano Sottemano
ORCID logo ,
Ignazio Barbagallo
ORCID logo ,
Giovanni Livolti
ORCID logo ,
Fabio Galvano
,
Diego Gazzolo
,
Chiara Peila
Version 1 : Received: 2 September 2023 / Approved: 4 September 2023 / Online: 6 September 2023 (03:28:36 CEST)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Coscia, A.; Riboldi, L.; Spada, E.; Bertino, E.; Sottemano, S.; Barbagallo, I.; Livolti, G.; Galvano, F.; Gazzolo, D.; Peila, C. Preeclampsia and Its Impact on Human Milk Activin A Concentration. Nutrients 2023, 15, 4296. Coscia, A.; Riboldi, L.; Spada, E.; Bertino, E.; Sottemano, S.; Barbagallo, I.; Livolti, G.; Galvano, F.; Gazzolo, D.; Peila, C. Preeclampsia and Its Impact on Human Milk Activin A Concentration. Nutrients 2023, 15, 4296.

Abstract

Background: It is known that Preeclampsia affects the lactogenesis. However, data on effects of this pathology on the human milk neurobiomarkers composition are not available. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of this gestational pathology on Activin A levels, a neurobi-omarker known to play an important role in the development and protection of the central nerv-ous system. Methods: The women recruited were divided in two different study groups: preeclamptic or normotensive women. All the human milk samples were collected using the same procedure. Activin A was quantified using an ELISA test. To investigate the effect of Preeclampsia on the Activin A concentration in the 3 lactation phases, mixed linear model with unistructural covariance structure, mother as random effect, and fixed effects were performed. Results: Activin A was detected in all samples. There were no significant differences between Preeclamptic and Normotensive women. The only significant effect is related to the lactation phase: it is significant the difference between colostrum and mature milk (p<0.01). In conclusion these results allow us to affirm that breast milk beneficial properties are maintained even if preeclampsia occurs.

Keywords

human milk; breastfeeding; activin A; preeclampsia; newborn nutrition; neuro-biomarker

Subject

Medicine and Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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