Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Physico-Chemical and Bacteriological Characterisation of Domestic Wastewater from Adétikopé in Togo

Efui Holaly GBEKLEY
* ORCID logo ,
Kossi KOMI
,
Koko Zébéto HOUEDAKOR
,
Sossawè POLI
,
Kossi KPOEZOUM
,
Djiwonou Koffi ADJALO
,
Kossiwa ZINSOU-KLASSOU
,
Tchadjobo TCHACONDO
,
Yaovi AMEYAPOH
,
Pèssiezoum ADJOUSSI
Version 1 : Received: 29 July 2023 / Approved: 31 July 2023 / Online: 31 July 2023 (11:48:30 CEST)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Gbekley, E.H.; Komi, K.; Houedakor, K.Z.; Poli, S.; Kpoezou, K.; Adjalo, D.K.; Zinsou-Klassou, K.; Tchacondo, T.; Ameyapoh, Y.; Adjoussi, P. The Physico-Chemical and Bacteriological Characterization of Domestic Wastewater in Adétikopé (Togo, West Africa). Sustainability 2023, 15, 13787. Gbekley, E.H.; Komi, K.; Houedakor, K.Z.; Poli, S.; Kpoezou, K.; Adjalo, D.K.; Zinsou-Klassou, K.; Tchacondo, T.; Ameyapoh, Y.; Adjoussi, P. The Physico-Chemical and Bacteriological Characterization of Domestic Wastewater in Adétikopé (Togo, West Africa). Sustainability 2023, 15, 13787.

Abstract

Background: Wastewater represents a health risk for populations. For sanitary safety, it is important to know their physico-chemical and microbiological qualities in order to better understand the risks incurred by the population. Objective: The aim of this study is to analyse the microbiological and physico-chemical quality of domestic wastewater in Adétikopé. Methodology: 12 wastewater samples were collected in Adétikopé from December 2022 to February 2023. Physico-chemical parameters were determined in accordance with AFNOR T90-105/ T90-023 and French standard NF T 90101. In microbiology, AFNOR was used as a reference for the detection of germs contaminating wastewater. Results were assessed in relation to European Union Criteria 98/83/EC. Results: The wastewater analyzed had a pH close to neutral, with an average pH of 7.05. The pollutant load generated ranged from 32 mg/l to 201 mg/l for BOD5, from 660 mg/l to 900 mg/l for COD and from 408 mg/l to 2080 mg/l for suspended solids. Concentrations of fecal coliforms and fecal streptococci are very high, far exceeding WHO guidelines for population health safety.

Keywords

wastewater; physico-chemistry; bacteriology; sanitary safety; adétikopé

Subject

Public Health and Healthcare, Public, Environmental and Occupational Health

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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