Version 1
: Received: 5 June 2023 / Approved: 7 June 2023 / Online: 7 June 2023 (12:07:44 CEST)
Version 2
: Received: 12 June 2023 / Approved: 12 June 2023 / Online: 12 June 2023 (14:21:07 CEST)
Safari, I.; Mouazé, D.; Aliasgary, S.; Carpentier, G.; Ropert, F. Hydraulic Response and Overtopping Performance of Single-Layer Double Cube Unit Armored Mound Breakwater. J. Mar. Sci. Eng.2023, 11, 1382.
Safari, I.; Mouazé, D.; Aliasgary, S.; Carpentier, G.; Ropert, F. Hydraulic Response and Overtopping Performance of Single-Layer Double Cube Unit Armored Mound Breakwater. J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2023, 11, 1382.
Safari, I.; Mouazé, D.; Aliasgary, S.; Carpentier, G.; Ropert, F. Hydraulic Response and Overtopping Performance of Single-Layer Double Cube Unit Armored Mound Breakwater. J. Mar. Sci. Eng.2023, 11, 1382.
Safari, I.; Mouazé, D.; Aliasgary, S.; Carpentier, G.; Ropert, F. Hydraulic Response and Overtopping Performance of Single-Layer Double Cube Unit Armored Mound Breakwater. J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2023, 11, 1382.
Abstract
The newly developed friction-interlocking armor unit, called ‘Double cube’ (DC), has been designed to improve the performance of the concrete armor unit used in river/marine structures against currents/waves actions. DC unit, is an octagonal-shaped block, made up of two parts: an upper cube set on a lower base that is either square or octagonal in shape. The innovative design aims to provide a good performance in terms of stability, high tolerance placement with various contact points and ease of placement. DC’s shape and placement enhance the stability by bringing the center of gravity closer to the underlayer and providing a large contact surfaces with surrounding blocks that reduce the chance of extraction and limit movements (rocking, lifting) via "keystone" effect. The characteristics of this new unit provides a relatively high hydraulic stability number for the armor layer (NS=2.9), a favorable hydraulic performance due to energy dissipation from turbulence and aeration, as well as a high roughness coefficient (γf≈0.46) helping to reduce the overtopping.
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Commenter: IMAN SAFARI
Commenter's Conflict of Interests: Author