Preprint Review Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Pathways for the Valorization of Animal and Human Waste to Biofuels, Sustainable Materials and Value-Added Chemicals

Jude A. Okolie
* ,
Toheeb Jimoh
ORCID logo ,
Olugbenga Akande
,
Patrick U. Okoye
ORCID logo ,
Chukwuma C. Ogbaga
ORCID logo ,
Adekunle A. Adeleke
,
Peter P. Ikubanni
,
Fatih Gulec
ORCID logo ,
Andrew Nosakhare Amenaghawon
ORCID logo
Version 1 : Received: 14 February 2023 / Approved: 15 February 2023 / Online: 15 February 2023 (08:45:16 CET)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Okolie, J.A.; Jimoh, T.; Akande, O.; Okoye, P.U.; Ogbaga, C.C.; Adeleke, A.A.; Ikubanni, P.P.; Güleç, F.; Amenaghawon, A.N. Pathways for the Valorization of Animal and Human Waste to Biofuels, Sustainable Materials, and Value-Added Chemicals. Environments 2023, 10, 46. Okolie, J.A.; Jimoh, T.; Akande, O.; Okoye, P.U.; Ogbaga, C.C.; Adeleke, A.A.; Ikubanni, P.P.; Güleç, F.; Amenaghawon, A.N. Pathways for the Valorization of Animal and Human Waste to Biofuels, Sustainable Materials, and Value-Added Chemicals. Environments 2023, 10, 46.

Abstract

Human and animal waste, including waste products originating from human or animal digestive systems such as urine, feces, and animal manure, have constituted a nuisance to the environment. Inappropriate disposal and poor sanitation of human and animal waste often cause negative impacts on human health through contamination of the terrestrial environment, soil, and water bodies. Therefore, it is necessary to convert these wastes into useful resources to mitigate their adverse environmental effect. The present study provides an overview and research progress of different thermochemical and biological conversion pathways for the transformation of human- and animal-derived waste into valuable resources. The physicochemical properties of human and animal waste are meticulously discussed as well as nutrient recovery strategies. In addition, a bibliometric analysis is provided to identify the trends in research and knowledge gaps. The results reveal that the U.S.A, China and England are the dominant countries in the research areas related to resource recovery from human or animal waste. In addition, researchers from the University of Illinois, the University of California Davis, the Chinese Academy of Science and Zhejiang University are front runners in research related to these areas. Future research should be centred on developing technologies for the on-site recovery of resources, exploring integrated resource recovery pathways, and exploring different safe waste processing methods.

Keywords

Thermochemical conversion; biological conversion; human excreta; waste-to-energy; livestock manure

Subject

Engineering, Energy and Fuel Technology

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Download PDF

Comments (0)

We encourage comments and feedback from a broad range of readers. See criteria for comments and our Diversity statement.

Leave a public comment
Send a private comment to the author(s)
* All users must log in before leaving a comment
Views 0
Downloads 0
Comments 0
Metrics 0
Get PDF Cite Share 0
Bookmark BibSonomy Mendeley Reddit Delicious
×
Alerts
Notify me about updates to this article or when a peer-reviewed version is published.
We use cookies on our website to ensure you get the best experience.
Read more about our cookies here.