Review
Version 1
Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed
DNA Barcoding in Plants and Animals: A Critical Review
Version 1
: Received: 14 January 2022 / Approved: 20 January 2022 / Online: 20 January 2022 (15:15:36 CET)
How to cite: Ahmed, S.S. DNA Barcoding in Plants and Animals: A Critical Review. Preprints 2022, 2022010310. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202201.0310.v1 Ahmed, S.S. DNA Barcoding in Plants and Animals: A Critical Review. Preprints 2022, 2022010310. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202201.0310.v1
Abstract
Systematics plays the most crucial role in biodiversity conservation which is at stake due to anthropogenic activities and environmental degradations. The ever-increasing decline of classical taxonomic expertise drives the need to develop molecular marker-based tools for quick, efficient, and reliable detection of organisms, to assess their ecological impacts for deepening our understanding of systematic and evolutionary relationships between organisms which is central to biology. The pace of alpha taxonomy has quickened by its integration with an increasingly fashionable and novel concept called DNA barcoding which utilizes a short genetic marker or barcode to categorize species for enhanced biodiversity assessment. As a supplementary but not complete alternative of systematics research, DNA barcoding, however, not error-free, brings precision in identification by solving existing problems of classical taxonomy and phylogenetics, irrespective of the growth stage of organisms, particularly for known taxa rather than unknown ones. Mitochondrial gene Cytochrome C Oxidase 1 (COI) serves as a universal animal barcode but there is no such universal barcode for plants and developing a suitable one is more challenging. With the recent advancement of Next Generation Sequencing (NGS), DNA metabarcoding technology is advancing rapidly. Still, ambiguity and error prevail with the correct identification of species due to some problems. After extensive analysis of the existing DNA barcoding papers, this review discusses commonly used DNA barcodes in plants and animals, their roles, advantages, limitations to solve existing problems of conservation biology and add the author’s views and recommendations.
Keywords
DNA barcoding; metabarcoding; BOLD; taxonomy; biodiversity; molecular marker.
Subject
Biology and Life Sciences, Plant Sciences
Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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