Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

FluB-RAM and FluB-RANS: Genome re-arrangement as safe and efficacious live attenuated influenza B virus vaccines.

Version 1 : Received: 31 May 2021 / Approved: 1 June 2021 / Online: 1 June 2021 (15:02:27 CEST)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Cardenas-Garcia, S.; Cáceres, C.J.; Jain, A.; Geiger, G.; Mo, J.-S.; Jasinskas, A.; Nakajima, R.; Rajao, D.S.; Davies, D.H.; Perez, D.R. FluB-RAM and FluB-RANS: Genome Rearrangement as Safe and Efficacious Live Attenuated Influenza B Virus Vaccines. Vaccines 2021, 9, 897. Cardenas-Garcia, S.; Cáceres, C.J.; Jain, A.; Geiger, G.; Mo, J.-S.; Jasinskas, A.; Nakajima, R.; Rajao, D.S.; Davies, D.H.; Perez, D.R. FluB-RAM and FluB-RANS: Genome Rearrangement as Safe and Efficacious Live Attenuated Influenza B Virus Vaccines. Vaccines 2021, 9, 897.

Abstract

Influenza B virus (IBV) is considered a major respiratory pathogen responsible for seasonal respiratory disease in humans, particularly severe in children and the elderly. Seasonal influenza vaccination is considered the most efficient strategy to prevent and control IBV infections. Live attenuated influenza virus vaccines (LAIVs) are thought to induce both humoral and cellular immune responses by mimicking a natural infection, but their effectiveness have recently come into question. Thus, the opportunity exists to find alternative approaches to improve overall influenza vaccine effectiveness. Two alternative IBV backbones were developed with re-arranged genomes, re-arranged M (FluB-RAM) and a re-arranged NS (FluB-RANS). Both re-arranged viruses showed temperature sensitivity in vitro compared to the WT type B/Bris strain, were genetically stable over multiple passages in embryonated chicken eggs and were attenuated in vivo in mice. In a prime-boost regime in naïve mice, both re-arranged viruses induced antibodies against HA with hemagglutination inhibition titers considered of protective value. In addition, antibodies against NA and NP were readily detected with potential protective value. Upon lethal IBV challenge, mice previously vaccinated with either FluB-RAM or FluB-RANS were completely protected against clinical disease and mortality. In conclusion, genome re-arrangement renders efficacious LAIV candidates to protect mice against IBV.

Keywords

LAIV, Influenza, HA, IgA, IgG, vaccine, genome rearrangement

Subject

Biology and Life Sciences, Virology

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