Cicco, S.; Vacca, A.; Cariddi, C.; Carella, R.; Altamura, G.; Solimando, A.G.; Lauletta, G.; Pappagallo, F.; Cirulli, A.; Stragapede, A.; Susca, N.; Grasso, S.; Ria, R. Imaging Evaluation of Pulmonary and Non-Ischaemic Cardiovascular Manifestations of COVID-19. Diagnostics2021, 11, 1271.
Cicco, S.; Vacca, A.; Cariddi, C.; Carella, R.; Altamura, G.; Solimando, A.G.; Lauletta, G.; Pappagallo, F.; Cirulli, A.; Stragapede, A.; Susca, N.; Grasso, S.; Ria, R. Imaging Evaluation of Pulmonary and Non-Ischaemic Cardiovascular Manifestations of COVID-19. Diagnostics 2021, 11, 1271.
Cicco, S.; Vacca, A.; Cariddi, C.; Carella, R.; Altamura, G.; Solimando, A.G.; Lauletta, G.; Pappagallo, F.; Cirulli, A.; Stragapede, A.; Susca, N.; Grasso, S.; Ria, R. Imaging Evaluation of Pulmonary and Non-Ischaemic Cardiovascular Manifestations of COVID-19. Diagnostics2021, 11, 1271.
Cicco, S.; Vacca, A.; Cariddi, C.; Carella, R.; Altamura, G.; Solimando, A.G.; Lauletta, G.; Pappagallo, F.; Cirulli, A.; Stragapede, A.; Susca, N.; Grasso, S.; Ria, R. Imaging Evaluation of Pulmonary and Non-Ischaemic Cardiovascular Manifestations of COVID-19. Diagnostics 2021, 11, 1271.
Abstract
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is the pandemic challenge of the last year. Cardiovascular involvement is one of the main characteristics of this disease. Due to endothelial damage, consequent phlogosis may increase a thrombosis risk. Cardiac injury may occur in different ways. However, an ischemic involvement of the cardiovascular system is rarely implied. In this regard, direct and indirect effects of COVID-19 are described. Nonetheless, the possible evaluation of the cardiovascular system may require different modalities. The cardiovascular evaluation may be different in emergency compared to critical care, requiring different tools for each setting. The aim of this review is to explore these modalities according to the different involvement of the cardiovascular system..
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