Krawczyk, J.; Widomski, P.; Kaszuba, M. Advanced Complex Analysis of the Thermal Softening of Nitrided Layers in Tools during Hot Die Forging. Materials2021, 14, 355.
Krawczyk, J.; Widomski, P.; Kaszuba, M. Advanced Complex Analysis of the Thermal Softening of Nitrided Layers in Tools during Hot Die Forging. Materials 2021, 14, 355.
Krawczyk, J.; Widomski, P.; Kaszuba, M. Advanced Complex Analysis of the Thermal Softening of Nitrided Layers in Tools during Hot Die Forging. Materials2021, 14, 355.
Krawczyk, J.; Widomski, P.; Kaszuba, M. Advanced Complex Analysis of the Thermal Softening of Nitrided Layers in Tools during Hot Die Forging. Materials 2021, 14, 355.
Abstract
This article is devoted to the issues of thermal softening of materials in the surface layer of forging tools. The research covers numerical modeling of the forging process, laboratory tests of tempering of nitrided layers and the analysis of tempering of the surface layer of tools in the actual forging process. Numerical modeling was supported by measuring the temperature inside the tools with a thermocouple inserted into the tool to measure the temperature as close to the surface as possible. The modeling results confirmed the possibility of tempering the die material. The results of laboratory tests made it possible to determine the influence of temperature on tempering at different surface layer depths. Numerical analysis and measurement of surface layer microhardness of tools revealed the destructive effect of temperature during forging on the tempering of the nitrided layer and on the material layers located deeper below the nitrided layer.
Keywords
thermal softening; nitrided layer; hot forging
Subject
Engineering, Automotive Engineering
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.