Review
Version 2
Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed
Detection and Survival of SARS-coronavirus in Human Stool, Urine, Wastewater and Sludge
Version 1
: Received: 16 June 2020 / Approved: 17 June 2020 / Online: 17 June 2020 (13:09:06 CEST)
Version 2 : Received: 17 June 2020 / Approved: 18 June 2020 / Online: 18 June 2020 (09:29:00 CEST)
Version 2 : Received: 17 June 2020 / Approved: 18 June 2020 / Online: 18 June 2020 (09:29:00 CEST)
How to cite: Singer, A.; Wray, R. Detection and Survival of SARS-coronavirus in Human Stool, Urine, Wastewater and Sludge. Preprints 2020, 2020060216. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202006.0216.v2 Singer, A.; Wray, R. Detection and Survival of SARS-coronavirus in Human Stool, Urine, Wastewater and Sludge. Preprints 2020, 2020060216. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202006.0216.v2
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has revealed many knowledge gaps with implications toward the speed and nature of our response to contain, assess and mitigate risk. The routine discharge of treated and untreated wastewater into rivers and coastal waters has placed SARS-CoV-2 viability in wastewater at the centre of an emerging hazard and potential risk to water industry workers and the public who come into contact with sewage-impacted water. Here we provide a review of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus primary literature that presents the evidence base pertaining to the key questions of whether the SARS-CoV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 is shed in stool and urine, is recoverable, and infectious in wastewater. We discuss the challenges posed by the current literature base and the extent to which the current evidence is fit for the purpose of informing robust human and environmental risk assessments.
Keywords
SARS-coronavirus; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome; COVID-19; Stool; Urine; Wastewater; Wastewater-based epidemiology
Subject
Biology and Life Sciences, Virology
Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Comments (1)
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Commenter: Andrew Singer
Commenter's Conflict of Interests: Author
2) Grammatical edits were made throughout.
Commenter: Julian Jones
The commenter has declared there is no conflict of interests.
... and 16,000+ England & Wales CSOs, with 26,000+ weirs to disperse as faecal particulates ...
eg BMA Cheltenham & EU WFD Swift-Aquaterra, 2006 : http://www.water21.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2011/09/Microbial_Standards.pdf
Engineered solutions : http://www.water21.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/EXEMPLAR-ALLEVIATION-OF-FLOODING-CONSEQUENCES-2004.pdf
More details if required.
Best wishes - Julian