Version 1
: Received: 11 April 2019 / Approved: 12 April 2019 / Online: 12 April 2019 (10:46:42 CEST)
Version 2
: Received: 11 July 2019 / Approved: 12 July 2019 / Online: 12 July 2019 (05:59:10 CEST)
How to cite:
Ryan, M.P.; Slattery, S.; Pembroke, J.T. A Novel Arsenate Resistant Determinant Associated with the ICE pMERPH a Member of the SXT/R391 Group of Mobile Genetic Elements. Preprints2019, 2019040146
Ryan, M.P.; Slattery, S.; Pembroke, J.T. A Novel Arsenate Resistant Determinant Associated with the ICE pMERPH a Member of the SXT/R391 Group of Mobile Genetic Elements. Preprints 2019, 2019040146
Ryan, M.P.; Slattery, S.; Pembroke, J.T. A Novel Arsenate Resistant Determinant Associated with the ICE pMERPH a Member of the SXT/R391 Group of Mobile Genetic Elements. Preprints2019, 2019040146
APA Style
Ryan, M.P., Slattery, S., & Pembroke, J.T. (2019). A Novel Arsenate Resistant Determinant Associated with the ICE pMERPH a Member of the SXT/R391 Group of Mobile Genetic Elements. Preprints. https://doi.org/
Chicago/Turabian Style
Ryan, M.P., Shannon Slattery and J. Tony Pembroke. 2019 "A Novel Arsenate Resistant Determinant Associated with the ICE pMERPH a Member of the SXT/R391 Group of Mobile Genetic Elements" Preprints. https://doi.org/
Abstract
ICEpMERPH, the first integrative conjugative element [ICE] of the SXT/R391 family isolated in the United Kingdom and Europe was analyzed to determine the nature of its adaptive functions, its genetic structure and homology to related elements normally found in pathogenic Vibrio or Proteus species. Whole Genome Sequencing of Escherichia coli isolate KH802 [which contains the ICE pMERPH] was carried out using Illumina sequencing technology. ICEpMERPH has a size of 110 Kb and has 112 putative open reading frames [ORFs], the “Hotspot regions” of the element were found to contain putative restriction digestion systems, insertion sequences and heavy metal resistance genes that encode resistance to mercury, as previously reported but also surprisingly to arsenate. A novel arsenate resistance system was identified in Hotspot 4 of the element, and unrelated to other SXT/R391 elements. This arsenate resistance system is potentially linked to two genes, orf 69, encoding an organoarsenical efflux MFS transporter-like protein related to ArsJ and orf70, encoding an NAD-dependent glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Phenotypic analysis using isogenic strains of AB1157 with and without the ICE revealed resistance to low levels of arsenate in the range 15-25 mM. This novel, low level resistance may have an important adaptive function in polluted environments, which often contain low levels of arsenate contamination. Bioinformatic analysis on the novel determinant and the phylogeny of ICEpMERPH is presented.
Keywords
integrative conjugative elements (ICEs); R391; pMERPH, SXT
Subject
Biology and Life Sciences, Immunology and Microbiology
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Commenter: Michael Ryan
Commenter's Conflict of Interests: Author