Search Subject Areas | Preprints.org

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201811.0601.v1

Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Classification, Applications and Challenges: A Review

Gaurav Singhal, Babankumar Bansod, Lini Mathew

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: Drone, Remote Sensing, control station, Multispectral, Aviation, Regulations

Online: 27 November 2018 (12:08:39 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202004.0047.v1

Reflections on Pandemics, Civil Infrastructure and Sustainable Development: Five Lessons from COVID-19 through the Lens of Transportation

Adjo Amekudzi-Kennedy, Samuel Labi, Brian Woodall, Mikhail Chester, Prerna Singh

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: sustainable development; system resilience; resilient and sustainable infrastructure; pandemics; COVID-19

Online: 6 April 2020 (10:14:50 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201910.0081.v1

Escherichia coli (E. coli) as an Indicator of Fecal Contamination in Water: A Review

Farhan Mohammad Khan, Rajiv Gupta

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: escherichia coli, e. coli, indicator, fecal coliform bacteria, water, bacteriological analysis, fcb, classification.

Online: 8 October 2019 (10:27:34 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201812.0300.v2

Hardy Cross Method for Pipe Networks

Dejan Brkić, Pavel Praks

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: Hardy cross method; pipe networks; piping systems; hydraulic networks; gas distribution

Online: 28 January 2019 (11:05:06 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202111.0327.v1

Kirchhoff-Love Plate Theory: First-Order Analysis, Second-Order Analysis, Plate Buckling Analysis, and Vibration Analysis Using the Finite Difference Method

Valentin Fogang

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: KirchhoffLove plate; finite difference method; additional points; plate of varying thickness; plate with stiffeners; skew edge; plate buckling analysis; vibration analysis; direct time integration method;

Online: 18 November 2021 (13:51:59 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Supplementary Files| Share

This paper presents an approach to the Kirchhoff-Love plate theory (KLPT) using the finite difference method (FDM). The KLPT covers the case of small deflections, and shear deformations are not considered. The FDM is an approximate method for solving problems described with differential equations. The FDM does not involve solving differential equations; equations are formulated with values at selected points of the structure. Generally in the case of KLPT, the finite difference approximations are derived based on the fourth-order polynomial hypothesis (FOPH) and second-order polynomial hypothesis (SOPH) for the deflection surface. The FOPH is made for the fourth and third derivative of the deflection surface while the SOPH is made for its second and first derivative; this leads to a 13-point stencil for the governing equation. In addition, the boundary conditions and not the governing equations are applied at the plate edges. In this paper, the FOPH was made for all of the derivatives of the deflection surface; this led to a 25-point stencil for the governing equation. Furthermore, additional nodes were introduced at plate edges and at positions of discontinuity (continuous supports/hinges, incorporated beams, stiffeners, brutal change of stiffness, etc.), the number of additional nodes corresponding to the number of boundary conditions at the node of interest. The introduction of additional nodes allowed us to apply the governing equations at the plate edges and to satisfy the boundary and continuity conditions. First-order analysis, second-order analysis, buckling analysis, and vibration analysis of plates were conducted with this model. Moreover, plates of varying thickness and plates with stiffeners were analyzed. Finally, a direct time integration method (DTIM) was presented. The FDM-based DTIM enabled the analysis of forced vibration of structures, with damping taken into account. In first-order, second-order, buckling, and vibration analyses of rectangular plates, the results obtained in this paper were in good agreement with those of well-established methods, and the accuracy was increased through a grid refinement.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201807.0040.v1

Comparison of the Automatically Calibrated Google Evapotranspiration Application—EEFlux and the Manually Calibrated METRIC Application

Foad Foolad, Philip Blankenau, Ayse Kilic, Richard G. Allen, Justin L. Huntington, Tyler A. Erickson, Doruk Ozturk, Charles G. Morton, Samuel Ortega, Ian Ratcliffe, Trenton E. Franz, David Thau, Rebecca Moore, Noel Gorelick, Baburao Kamble, Peter Revelle, Ricardo Trezza, Wenguang Zhao, Clarence W. Robison

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: Google Earth Engine; EEFlux; METRIC; evapotranspiration; Landsat; water resources management

Online: 3 July 2018 (11:51:31 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Supplementary Files| Share

Reliable evapotranspiration (ET) estimation is a key factor for water resources planning, attaining sustainable water resources use, irrigation water management, and water regulation. During the past few decades, researchers have developed a variety of remote sensing techniques to estimate ET. The Earth Engine Evapotranspiration Flux (EEFlux) application uses Landsat imagery archives on the Google Earth Engine platform to calculate the daily evapotranspiration at the local field scale (30 m). Automatically calibrated for each Landsat image, the EEFlux application design is based on the widely vetted Mapping Evapotranspiration at high Resolution with Internalized Calibration (METRIC) model and produces ET estimation maps for any Landsat 5, 7 or 8 scene in a matter of seconds. In this research we evaluate the consistency and accuracy of EEFlux products that are produced when standard US and global assets are used. Processed METRIC products for 58 scenes distributed around the western and central United States were used as the baseline for comparison. The goal of this paper is to compare the results from EEFlux with the standard METRIC applications to illustrate the utility of the EEFlux products as they currently stand. Given that EEFlux is derived from METRIC, differences are expected to occur due to differing calibration methods (automatic versus manual) and differing input datasets. The products compared include the fraction of reference ET (ETrF), actual ET (ETa), and surface energy balance components net radiation (Rn), ground heat flux (G), and sensible heat flux (H), as well as Ts, albedo and NDVI. The product comparisons show that the intermediate products of Ts, Albedo, and NDVI, and also Rn have similar values and behavior for both EEFlux and METRIC. Larger differences were found for H and G. Despite the more significant differences in H and G, results show that EEFlux is able to calculate ETrF and ETa values comparable to the values from trained expert METRIC users for agricultural areas. For non-agricultural areas such as semi-arid rangeland and forests, the automated EEFlux calibration algorithm needs to be improved in order to be able to reproduce ETrF and ETa that is similar to the manually calibrated METRIC products.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0252.v2

Timoshenko Beam Theory: First-Order Analysis, Second-Order Analysis, Stability, and Vibration Analysis Using the Finite Difference Method

Valentin Fogang

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: Timoshenko beam; finite difference method; additional points; element stiffness matrix; tapered beam; second-order analysis; vibration analysis; direct time integration method

Online: 30 September 2021 (16:24:48 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Supplementary Files| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201608.0200.v1

The Impact of Climate Change on Reservoir Inflows Using Multi Climate-Model under RCPs’ Including Extreme Events—A Case of Mangla Dam, Pakistan

Muhammad Babur, Mukand Singh Babel, Sangam Shrestha, Akiyuki Kawasaki, Nitin Kumar Tripathi

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: climate change; GCMs’; RCPs’; downscaling; temperature; precipitation; extreme events; SWAT; discharge

Online: 24 August 2016 (10:16:40 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Assessment of extreme events and climate change on reservoir inflow is important for water and power stressed countries. Projected climate is subject to uncertainties related to climate change scenarios and Global Circulation Models (GCMs’). Extreme climatic events will increase with the rise in temperature as mentioned in the AR5 of the IPCC. This paper discusses the consequences of climate change that include extreme events on discharge. Historical climatic and gauging data were collected from different stations within a watershed. The observed flow data was used for calibration and validation of SWAT model. Downscaling was performed on future GCMs’ temperature and precipitation data, and plausible extreme events were generated. Corrected climatic data was applied to project the influence of climate change. Results showed a large uncertainty in discharge using different GCMs’ and different emissions scenarios. The annual tendency of the GCMs’ is bi-vocal: six GCMs’ projected a rise in annual flow, while one GCM projected a decrease in flow. The change in average seasonal flow is more as compared to annual variations. Changes in winter and spring discharge are mostly positive, even with the decrease in precipitation. The changes in flows are generally negative for summer and autumn due to early snowmelt from an increase in temperature. The change in average seasonal flows under RCPs’ 4.5 and 8.5 are projected to vary from -29.1 to 130.7% and -49.4 to 171%, respectively. In the medium range (RCP 4.5) impact scenario, the uncertainty range of average runoff is relatively low. While in the high range (RCP 8.5) impact scenario, this range is significantly larger. RCP 8.5 covered a wide range of uncertainties, while RCP 4.5 covered a short range of possibilities. These outcomes suggest that it is important to consider the influence of climate change on water resources to frame appropriate guidelines for planning and management.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202106.0479.v2

Bending Analysis of Isotropic Rectangular Kirchhoff Plates Subjected to Non-Uniform Heating Using the Fourier Transform Method

Valentin Fogang

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: Isotropic rectangular plate; Kirchhoff–Love plate theory; non-uniform heating; Fourier sine transform; Navier solution; Lévy solution

Online: 10 December 2021 (13:50:59 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Supplementary Files| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201710.0133.v1

Comparison of Stochastic and Machine Learning Methods for Multi-Step Ahead Forecasting of Hydrological Processes

Georgia A. Papacharalampous, Hristos Tyralis, Demetris Koutsoyiannis

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: multi-step ahead forecasting; neural networks; random forests; stochastic vs machine learning models; support vector machines; time series

Online: 20 October 2017 (03:18:02 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201608.0143.v1

Model of the Russian Federation Construction Innovation System: An Integrated Participatory Systems Approach

Emiliya Suprun, Oz Sahin, Rodney A. Stewart, Kriengsak Panuwatwanich

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: participatory modelling; causal loop diagram development; structural analysis; systems modelling; construction innovation; Russian Federation

Online: 15 August 2016 (08:56:30 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201610.0013.v1

Analysis of Drought Characteristics using Time Series of Modified SPEI in South Korea from 1981 to 2010

Seungjong Bae, Sang-Hyun Lee, Seung-Hwan Yoo, Taegon Kim

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: drought; SPEI; evapotranspiration; Thornthwaite; FAO Penman-Monteith

Online: 6 October 2016 (13:04:49 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202004.0336.v1

Role of Socially-Equitable Economic Development in Creating Resilient and Sustainable Systems: COVID-19-Related Reflections

Adjo Amekudzi-Kennedy, Samuel Labi, Brian Woodall, Greg Marsden, Emily Grubert

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: COVID-19; pandemic; economic development; equity; socially-equitable development; resilient and sustainable infrastructure; resilient and sustainable communities; disaster management

Online: 19 April 2020 (07:09:12 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201610.0046.v1

The Finite Element Analysis for Concrete Filled Steel Columns under Blast Load

Fereydoon Omidinasab, Peyman Beiranvand, Saeideh Sadeghi Golmakani, Mohammad Zarei

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: blast load; concrete-filled steel columns; finite element analysis

Online: 13 October 2016 (05:11:20 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201608.0210.v1

Driving Factors of Smart City Construction in China—An Exploratory Method by Grounded Theory and Empirical Research

Qinghong Cui, Guangbin Wang

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: smart city; smart city construction; urban sustainability; driving factors; grounded theory; empirical research

Online: 26 August 2016 (11:18:30 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201608.0026.v1

Propose of Mix Design Method for CO₂ Reduction Concrete Using the Regression Analysis

Tae Hyoung Kim

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: concrete; sustainability; regression analysis mix design; CO2 emission; cost

Online: 3 August 2016 (06:05:26 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201608.0045.v1

Risks of Climate Change on the Singapore-Malaysia High Speed Rail System

Sazrul Leena Binti Sa’adin, Sakdirat Kaewunruen, David Jaroszweski

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: railway infrastructure; high-speed rail; tracks; risk; management and monitoring; climate change; global warming; adaptation; operational readiness

Online: 5 August 2016 (05:11:02 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints201608.0174.v1

Variation of Ambient Air Quality Scenario in Chittagong City: A Case Study of Air Pollution

Md. Arif Hossen, Asiful Hoque

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: Air Quality; Gaseous Pollutants; AQI, PM2.5; PM10

Online: 18 August 2016 (10:36:09 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201701.0030.v2

Nearly Zero Energy Standard for Non-Residential Buildings with High Energy Demands—An Empirical Case Study Using the State Related Properties of Bavaria

Michael Keltsch, Werner Lang, Thomas Auer

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD 2010); nearly zero energy standard; non-residential buildings; highly technically installed buildings; energy balance

Online: 9 January 2017 (10:35:18 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201609.0088.v1

Multi-range Conditional Random Field for Classifying Railway Electrification System Objects

Jaewook Jung, Leihan Chen, Gunho Sohn, Chao Luo, Jong-Un Won

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: classification; railway; power line; mobile laser scanning data; conditional random field; layout compatibility

Online: 26 September 2016 (09:33:05 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Railway has been used as one of the most crucial means of transportation in public mobility and economic development. For efficiently operating railways, the electrification system in railway infrastructure, which supplies electric power to trains, is essential facilities for stable train operation. Due to its important role, the electrification system needs to be rigorously and regularly inspected and managed. This paper presents a supervised learning method to classify Mobile Laser Scanning (MLS) data into ten target classes representing overhead wires, movable brackets and poles, which are recognized key objects in the electrification system. In general, the layout of railway electrification system shows a strong regularity of spatial relations among object classes. The proposed classifier is developed based on Conditional Random Field (CRF), which characterizes not only labeling homogeneity at short range, but also the layout compatibility between different object classes at long range in the probabilistic graphical model. This multi-range CRF model consists of a unary term and three pairwise contextual terms. In order to gain computational efficiency, MLS point clouds is converted into a set of line segments where the labeling process is applied. Support Vector Machine (SVM) is used as a local classifier considering only node features for producing the unary potentials of CRF model. As the short-range pairwise contextual term, Potts model is applied to enforce a local smoothness in short-range graph. While, long-range pairwise potentials are designed to enhance spatial regularities of both horizontal and vertical layouts among railway objects. We formulate two long-range pairwise potentials as the log posterior probability obtained by Naïve Bayes classifier. The directional layout compatibilities are characterized in probability look-up tables which represent co-occurrence rate of spatial relations in horizontal and vertical directions. The likelihood function is formulated by multivariate Gaussian distributions. In the proposed multi-range CRF model, the weight parameters to balance four sub-terms are estimated by applying the Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD). The results show that the proposed multi-range CRF can effectively classify detailed railway elements, representing the average recall of 97.66% and the average precision of 97.07% for all classes.

Preprint TECHNICAL NOTE | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0442.v2

Vibration Analysis of Axially Functionally Graded Non-Prismatic Timoshenko Beams Using the Finite Difference Method

Valentin Fogang

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: Axially functionally graded non-prismatic Timoshenko beam; finite difference method; additional points; vibration analysis; direct time integration method

Online: 24 September 2021 (13:12:35 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Supplementary Files| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202012.0355.v2

Form-Finding of Shells Containing Both Tension and Compression Using the Airy Stress Function

Masaaki Miki, Emil Adiels, William Baker, Toby Mitchell, Alexander Sehlstrom, Christopher Williams

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: force diagram; Airy stress function; graphic statics; form-finding; membrane shell; tension-compression mixed type shell; asymptotic lines; wave equation

Online: 15 December 2020 (13:27:25 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202202.0070.v1

Two-Dimensional Stress Analysis of Isotropic Deep Beams Using the Finite Difference Method

Valentin Fogang

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: Finite difference method; additional nodes; Airy stress function; displacement potential function; deep beam of varying thickness; layered beam; deep beam having openings; skew edge; buckling analysis

Online: 4 February 2022 (10:48:03 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Supplementary Files| Share

This paper presents an approach to the two-dimensional analysis of elastic isotropic deep beams using the finite difference method (FDM). Deep beams are subjected to in-plane loading and present a shear span to height ratio of less than 2.50; consequently, Euler-Bernoulli beam theory and Timoshenko beam theory do not apply. Deep beams analysis is generally conducted using numerical methods such as the finite element method and to a lesser extent the FDM; the strut-and-tie model and the stress field method are also widely utilized. Analytical approaches usually make use of the Airy stress function, where stresses are formulated in terms of the stress function; however, the exact solution of this function satisfying all of the boundary conditions can hardly be found, even for simple cases. In this paper, deep beams were analyzed using the FDM. The FDM is an approximate method for solving problems described with differential equations. The FDM does not involve solving differential equations; equations are formulated with values at selected nodes of the structure. Therefore, the deep beam was discretized with a two-dimensional grid, and additional nodes were introduced at the boundaries and at positions of discontinuity (openings, brutal change of material properties, non-uniform grid spacing), the number of additional nodes corresponding to the number of boundary conditions at the node of interest. The introduction of additional nodes allowed us to apply the governing equations at boundary nodes and satisfy the boundary and continuity conditions. An Airy stress function approach and a displacement potential function approach were considered in this study whereby strong formulations of equations (equilibrium, kinematic, and constitutive) were set. Stress and stability analyses were carried out with this model; furthermore, deep beams of varying stiffness, layered beams, and beams having openings were analyzed. For slender beams, the results obtained with the Airy stress function approach showed good agreement with those of the Euler-Bernoulli beam theory, and for deep beams, the shapes of stress distributions were in good agreement with a proper understanding of the behavior of structures. On the other hand, the displacement potential function approach delivered unsatisfactory results, probably due to the use of an inefficient equation solver; a more powerful tool will be needed in future research for this purpose.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201608.0123.v1

Time Domain Strain/Stress Reconstruction Based on Empirical Mode Decomposition: Numerical Study and Experimental Validation

Jingjing He, Yibin Zhou, Xuefei Guan, Wei Zhang, Wei Fang Zhang, Yongming Liu

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: limited sensor data; structural health monitoring; strain/stress response reconstruction; empirical mode decomposition

Online: 11 August 2016 (11:06:16 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint TECHNICAL NOTE | doi:10.20944/preprints201608.0047.v1

Toughness of Railroad Concrete Crossties with Holes and Web Opening

Erosha K. Gamage, Sakdirat Kaewunruen, Alex M. Remennikov, Tetsuya Ishida

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: Concrete sleeper; crosstie; design standard; holes; web opening; railway infrastructure; static performance

Online: 5 August 2016 (08:06:33 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201610.0063.v1

Investigating Non-Linear Dynamic Behavior of Dual Steel Frames under the Effect of Near and Far Fields to Fault

Hamid Reza Ashrafi, Soroush Dadgar, Peyman Beiranvand

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: dual steel frame; far field from fault; near field to fault; time history non-linear dynamic analysis

Online: 15 October 2016 (08:39:13 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201808.0441.v1

Practice-Oriented Buildability Criteria for Developing 3D-Printable Concretes in the Context of Digital Construction

Venkatesh Naidu Nerella, Martin Krause, Viktor Mechtcherine

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: digital construction; 3D-concrete-printing; buildabiltiy; additive manufacturing

Online: 27 August 2018 (06:37:13 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201608.0227.v1

Life Cycle Cost Evaluation of Noise Control Methods at Urban Railway Turnouts

Rodrigo Tavares De Freitas, Sakdirat Kaewunruen

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: railway noise; railway vibration; squeal noise vibration; screeching noise vibration; impact noise vibration; abatement; mitigation; life cycle analysis

Online: 29 August 2016 (12:39:40 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

The railway industry focus in the past years was to research, find and develop methods to mitigate noise and vibration resulted from wheel/rail contact along track infrastructure. This resulted in a wide range of abatement measures that are available for the professionals of the industry today. However, although there are many options in the market, their practical implementations depend upon general constraints that affect most technological application in the engineering world. The progression of these technologies have facilitated the selection of more adequate methods for each best case scenario, but further studies are ought to be made to proper assess if each one is fit for their purpose. Every method implementation must be analyzed through budget and timeframe limitations, which includes building, maintenance and inspection costs and time allocation, while also aiming to meet different benefits, such as environmental impact control and wear of the whole infrastructure. There are several situations and facilities in a railway project design that need noise and vibration mitigation methods and each design allocates different priorities for each one of them. Traditionally the disturbance caused by railways to the community are generated by wheel/rail contact sound radiation that expresses in different ways, depending on the movement of the rolling stock and track alignment, such as rolling noise, impact noise and curve noise. More specifically, in special trackworks such as turnouts, the main area of this study, there are two noises types that must be evaluated: impact noise and screeching noise. With respect to the second, it is similar to curve squeals and, being such, its mitigation methods are to be assigned as if it was to abate curve squeal in turnouts and crossings. The impact noise on the other hand, emerges from the sound made by the rolling stock moving through joints and discontinuities (i.e. gaps) that composes these special components of a railway track. A life cycle analysis is therefore substantial for this reality and in this case will be applied to Squeal and Impact Noise on Special Trackwork. The evaluation is based on a valid literature review and the total costs were assumed by industry reports to maintain coherency. The period for a life cycle analysis is usually of 50 years, hence it was the value assumed. As for the general parameters, an area with high density of people was considered to estimate the values for a community with very strict limits for noise and vibration.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201611.0031.v1

Saving Soil for Sustainable Land Use

Carmelo Maria Torre, Pierluigi Morano, Francesco Tajani

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: Sustainability, Environmental Evaluation of Land use, Soil sealing soil take, land plus value recapture, transition matrix

Online: 4 November 2016 (17:24:32 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Supplementary Files| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201610.0079.v1

Experimental Study on the Hydrodynamic Influence of River Flow Confluences to the Open Channel Stage-Discharge Relationship

Xiekang Wang, Haizhou Wang, Xufeng Yan, Xingnian Liu, Huan-Feng Duan

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: river confluence; stage-discharge relationship; hydrodynamic influence; backwater; flow separation

Online: 19 October 2016 (12:31:32 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201705.0031.v1

Integrated Lighting Efficiency Analysis in Large Industrial Buildings to Enhance Indoor Environmental Quality

Dusan Katunsky, Erika Dolnikova, Saeed Doroudiani

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: industrial building; environment; lighting analysis; building physics; sustainable architecture; computational simulation; integrated lighting; solar radiation; luminance; sky components

Online: 4 May 2017 (03:07:19 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201908.0020.v1

Comparison of Meteorological and Agricultural Drought Indicators across Ethiopia

Dawit Teweldebirhan Tsige, Venkatesh Uddameri, Farhang Forghanparast, Elma Hernandez, Stephen Ekwaro-Osire

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: PDSI; Z-index; receiver operating characteristic (ROC); SPI; SPEI; GIS; food security; droughts

Online: 2 August 2019 (08:54:40 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201612.0090.v1

Fundamentals of the Behavior of Concrete Recycled with PET Additives through Its Porosity

J. Miguel Mendivil-Escalante, J. Manuel Gómez-Soberón, J. Luis Almaral-Sánchez, F. Guadalupe Cabrera-Covarrubias

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: PET additives; recycled concrete; concrete porosity; polymeric resins; porosimetry of nitrogen (N2) gas adsorption; acoustic resonance spectroscopy

Online: 16 December 2016 (11:01:40 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201608.0144.v1

Statistical Study on Crash Frequency Model Using GNB Models of Freeway Sharp Horizontal Curve Based on Interactive Influence of 3 Explanatory Variables

Yanjie Zeng, Xiaofei Wang, Lineng Liu, Xinwei Li, Caifeng Jiang

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: freeway; crash prediction model (CPM); sharp horizontal curve segment (SHCS); interactive influence among three explanatory variables; generalized negative binomial (GNB)

Online: 15 August 2016 (09:47:37 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201612.0005.v1

Evaluation of Soil-Structure Interaction on the Seismic Response of Liquid Storage Tanks under Earthquake Ground Motions

Mostafa Farajian, Mohammad Iman Khodakarami, Denise-Penelope N. Kontoni

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: liquid storage tanks; soil-structure interaction; seismic response; earthquake ground motions

Online: 1 December 2016 (10:36:42 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201609.0090.v1

A Practical Method for Assessing the Energy Consumption & CO₂ Emissions of Mass Haulers

Hassanean Jassim, Weizhuo Lu, Thomas Olofsson

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: hauling operations; optimum schedule; energy consumption; CO2 emission; hauler

Online: 26 September 2016 (10:12:16 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201907.0009.v1

Automatic Crack Detection of Road Pavement Based on Aerial UAV Imagery

Farzaneh Dadrasjavan, Nima Zarrinpanjeh, Azam Ameri

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: crack detection; UAV imagery; SMV classification; aerial photogrammetry

Online: 1 July 2019 (11:33:38 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201608.0056.v1

Experimental Investigation of Mechanical Properties of Black Shales after CO₂-Water-Rock Interaction

Qiao Lyu, P.G. Ranjith, Xinping Long, Bin Ji

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: shale; CO2-water-rock interaction; mechanical properties; crack propagation; microstructure

Online: 5 August 2016 (12:35:12 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint CONCEPT PAPER | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0773.v1

A Comparative Study of the AHP and TOPSIS Techniques for Dam Site Selection Using GIS: A Case Study of Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Iran

Ali Jozaghi, Babak Alizadeh, Mohsen Hatami, Ian Flood, Mohammad Khorrami, Nastaran Khodaei, Erfan Ghasemi Tousi

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: multi-criteria decision-making; TOPSIS; AHP; water resources; dam site selection

Online: 1 November 2018 (18:21:14 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Working Paper REVIEW

Escherichia coli (E. coli) as an Indicator of Fecal Contamination in Water: A Review

Farhan Mohammad Khan

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: escherichia coli; e. coli; indicator; fecal coliform bacteria; water; bacteriological analysis; fcb; classification

Online: 12 February 2020 (12:12:00 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint TECHNICAL NOTE | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0660.v2

Vibration Analysis of Axially Functionally Graded Non-Prismatic Euler-Bernoulli Beams Using the Finite Difference Method

Valentin Fogang

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: Axially functionally graded non-prismatic Euler-Bernoulli beam; finite difference method; additional points; vibration analysis; direct time integration method

Online: 24 September 2021 (11:27:04 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Supplementary Files| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201610.0001.v1

Effective Height of a Floor Splitter Anti-Vortex Device under Varying Flow Conditions

Hyung-Jun Kim, Sung Won Park, Dong Sop Rhee

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: Pump station, Sump, Anti-vortex device, Flow pattern, Vortex

Online: 3 October 2016 (11:15:07 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201608.0037.v1

Measurement of Heat-Flux of New Type Façade Walls

Todorka Samardzioska, Roberta Apostolska

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: energy efficient building; heat flux; thermal transmittance; in situ measurement

Online: 4 August 2016 (08:09:58 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202006.0258.v2

Data-Driven Solutions and Discoveries in Mechanics Using Physics Informed Neural Network

Qi Zhang, Yilin Chen, Ziyi Yang

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: Conservation laws; Data inference; Data discovery; Dimensionless form; PINN

Online: 30 September 2020 (03:51:25 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201701.0061.v1

Assessing Hydrological Impacts of a Watershed in the Context of Climate and Land Cover Changes

Dong-Sin Shih, Ray-Shyan Wu, Chung-Yuan Tsai

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: climate change; land cover change; WASH123D

Online: 12 January 2017 (10:05:06 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201610.0050.v1

Investigation of Physical Characteristics of Non-Structural Lightweight Aggregate Blocks

Hamid Reza Ashrafi, Marzieh Sadat Moayyeri, Peyman Beiranvand

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: non-load-bearing lightweight blocks; lightweight aggregates; density; compressive strength; water absorption volume

Online: 13 October 2016 (12:01:40 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201704.0012.v1

Reconstruction of Earth Extreme Topography from UAV Structure from Motion Photogrammetry

Francisco Agüera-Vega, Fernando Carvajal-Ramírez, Patricio Jesús Martínez-Carricondo, Julián Sánchez-Hermosilla López

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV); UAV-photogrammetry; Structure From Motion (SfM); cut slope; extreme topography; landslide

Online: 3 April 2017 (18:34:22 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202008.0413.v1

The Effect of HDPE Plastic Fibres on Concrete Performance

Tamrin Rahman, Juli Nurdiana

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: Concrete quality; concrete additive; cross-section; concrete mixture; concrete composition; plastic waste; HDPE; plastic fibre

Online: 19 August 2020 (10:56:00 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201704.0100.v1

An Energy Demodulation Based Fiber Optic Sensing System for Landslide Early-Warning

Xing Wang, Bin Shi, Guangqing Wei, Shenen Chen

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: landslides; fiber optic sensing system; early-warning; energy demodulation; event sensor

Online: 17 April 2017 (12:10:38 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201703.0188.v1

A Study on Optimal D-InSAR Filtering Technique According to Landform Relief

Youm Minkyo, Yun Hongsic, Kim Kwangbae, Kim Hanbual, Lee Woneung

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: D-InSAR; Coherence; Goldstein; Boxcar-filter

Online: 24 March 2017 (11:02:00 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201906.0121.v1

The Use of Destructive and non Destructive Testing in Concrete Strength Assessment for a School Building

Vincenzo Minutolo, Stefania Di Ronza, Caterina Eramo, Renato Zona

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: non destructive testing; concrete structure; Sonreb; ultrasonic testing; rebound index

Online: 13 June 2019 (13:06:11 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Supplementary Files| Share

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202103.0316.v1

Life Cycle Assessment and Life Cycle Cost Analysis in Infrastructure Projects: A Systematic Review

Wesam Salah Alaloul, Muhammad Altaf, Muhammad Ali Musarat, Muhammad Faisal Javed, Amir Mosavi

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: Infrastructure projects; LCCA; Systematic Review; PRISMA statement; Sustainability; LCA

Online: 11 March 2021 (11:23:23 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201608.0161.v1

Recycling of Rolling Stocks

Rafael Favoretto Silva, Sakdirat Kaewunruen

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: railway; trains; rolling stocks; recycling; reuse; life cycle; environmental benefit

Online: 17 August 2016 (11:25:48 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201711.0163.v1

A Hybrid MCDM Technique for Risk Management in Construction Projects

Kajal Chatterjee, Edmundas Kazimieras Zavadskas, Jolanta Tamošaitienė, Krishnendu Adhikary, Samarjit Kar

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: D number, Analytical Network Process (ANP), MABAC, Multi-criteria decision making (MCDM), Consistent fuzzy preference relation (CFPR), Construction project risk, Risk Management

Online: 24 November 2017 (16:46:59 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201611.0065.v1

Modeling the Influence of River Bed Reconstruction on a River Stage Using a Two-Dimensional/Three-Dimensional Hydrodynamic Model

Wei-Bo Chen, Wen-Cheng Liu

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering

Online: 11 November 2016 (18:26:38 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201711.0166.v1

SWOT Analysis for Architectural and Structural Solutions Interaction Assessment in High-Rise Buildings Design

Jolanta Tamošaitienė, Ernestas Gaudutis

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: high-rise buildings; architecture; structural solutions; interaction; SWOT analysis

Online: 26 November 2017 (12:45:01 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201803.0199.v1

Optimisation of Multipurpose Reservoir Operation by coupling SWAT and Genetic Algorithm for Optimal Operating Policy (Case Study: Ganga River basin)

Jatin Anand, A K Gosain, R Khosa

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: Reservoir operation; SWAT; Genetic Algorithm; Urbanisation; Ganga River

Online: 23 March 2018 (15:07:22 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Reservoirs are recognized as one of the most efficient infrastructure components in integrated water resources management and development. At present, with the ongoing advancement of social economy and requirement of water, the water resources shortage problem has worsened, and the operation of reservoirs, in terms of consumption of flood water, has become significantly important. Reservoirs perform both regulation of flood and integrated water resources management, in which the flood limited water level is considered as the most important parameter for trade-off between regulation of flood and conservation. To achieve optimal operating policies for reservoirs, large numbers of simulation and optimization models have been developed in the course of recent decades, which vary notably in their applications and working. Since each model has their own limitations, the determination of fitting model for derivation of reservoir operating policies is challenging and most often there is always a scope for further improvement as the selection of model depends on availability of data. Subsequently, assessment and evaluation associated with the operation of reservoir stays conventional. In the present study, the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) models and a Genetic Algorithm model has been developed and applied to two reservoirs in Ganga River basin, India to derive the optimal operational policies. The objective function is set to minimize the annual sum of squared deviation form desired irrigation release and desired storage volume. The decision variables are release for irrigation and other demands (industrial and municipal demands), from the reservoir. As a result, a simulation-based optimization model was recommended for optimal reservoir operation, such as allocation of water, flood regulation, hydropower generation, irrigation demands and navigation and e-flows using a definite combination of decision variables. Since the rule curves are derived through random search it is found that the releases are same as that of demand requirements. Hence based on simulated result, in the present case study it is concluded that GA-derived policies are promising and competitive and can be effectively used operation of the reservoir.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201909.0151.v1

Fragility Assessment of Container Crane under Seismic Excitation Considering Uplift and Derailment Behavior

Quang Huy Tran, Jungwon Huh, Nhu Son Doan, Van Ha Mac, Jin-Hee Ahn

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: STS container crane; uplift and derailment; time history analysis; pushover analysis; fragility assessment

Online: 15 September 2019 (06:26:29 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Supplementary Files| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201704.0118.v2

On the Numerical Modelling of Bond for the Failure Analysis of Reinforced Concrete

Peter Grassl, Morgan Johansson, Joosef Leppänen

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: bond; concrete; reinforcement; damage-plasticity; failure

Online: 25 August 2017 (08:01:21 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201701.0068.v1

The Impact of Morphological Features on Summer Temperature Variations on the Example of two Residential Neighborhoods in Ljubljana, Slovenia

Alenka Fikfak, Saja Kosanović, Miha Konjar, Janez P. Grom, Martina Zbašnik-Senegačnik

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: Koseze area; Mostec residential neighborhood (MRN); terraced residential neighborhood (TRN); urban heat island (UHI); urban cover; urban fabric; urban structure; urban metabolism

Online: 13 January 2017 (10:50:54 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201703.0172.v1

A Study on Coastal Flooding and Risk Assessment under Climate Change in Mid-Western Coast of Taiwan

Tai-Wen Hsu, Dong-Sin Shih, Chi-Yu Li, Yuan-Jyh Lan, Yu-Chen Lin

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: Climate Change; Coastal Disasters; Vulnerability; Disaster Risk.

Online: 21 March 2017 (16:41:53 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201704.0118.v1

On the Numerical Modelling of Bond for the Failure Analysis of Reinforced Concrete

Peter Grassl, Morgan Johansson, Joosef Leppänen

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: bond; concrete; reinforcement; damage-plasticity; failure

Online: 18 April 2017 (18:28:59 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201704.0163.v1

A New Health Assessment Index of Tunnel Lining Based on the Digital Inspection of Surface Cracks

Xuezhen Wu, Yujing Jiang, Jianhua Wang, Kusaba Masaya, Tetsuya Taniguchi, Takahide Yamato

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: tunnel lining; health assessment; fractal dimension; tunnel-lining crack index; digital inspection test; field test

Online: 26 April 2017 (05:59:58 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201608.0161.v2

Recycling of Rolling Stocks

Rafael Favoretto Silva, Sakdirat Kaewunruen

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: railway; trains; rolling stocks; recycling; reuse; life cycle; environmental benefit

Online: 23 December 2016 (10:45:48 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201703.0189.v1

The Index System for the Development Level Evaluation of Regional Construction Industrialization: a Case Study in Jiangsu, China

Ping Liu, Qiming Li, Liangliang Song, Ruoyu Jia

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: construction industrialization; dimensions; index system; evaluation

Online: 24 March 2017 (11:21:31 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201710.0133.v3

Comparison of Stochastic and Machine Learning Methods for Multi-Step Ahead Forecasting of Hydrological Processes

Georgia Papacharalampous, Hristos Tyralis, Demetris Koutsoyiannis

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: multi-step ahead forecasting; neural networks; random forests; stochastic vs machine learning models; support vector machines; time series

Online: 17 January 2019 (15:51:22 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201703.0097.v1

Application of FBG Sensing Technology in Stability Analysis of Geogrid-Reinforced Slope

Yijie Sun, Hongzhong Xu, Peng Gu, Wenjie Hu

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: FBG; geogrid; slope; numerical modeling; stability analysis

Online: 15 March 2017 (08:19:22 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202002.0149.v1

Hydraulic Performance Analysis and Modeling of Water Supply Distribution System of Addis Ababa Science and Technology University, Ethiopia

Chalchisa Milkecha, Habtamu Itefa

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: Water Demand; Water Supply; Performance; Hydraulic Modeling; Water GEMSV8i

Online: 11 February 2020 (14:52:17 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201704.0043.v1

Full Spectrum Analytical Channel Design with the Capacity/Supply Ratio (CSR)

Travis R. Stroth, Brian P. Bledsoe, Peter A. Nelson

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: stream restoration; sediment transport

Online: 7 April 2017 (11:57:46 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Analytical channel design tools have not advanced appreciably in the last decades, and continue to produce designs based upon a single representative discharge that may not lead to overall sediment continuity. It is beneficial for designers to know when a simplified design may be problematic and to efficiently produce alternative designs that approximate sediment balance over the entire flow regime. The Capacity/Supply Ratio (CSR) approach, an extension of the Copeland method of analytical channel design for sand channels, balances the sediment transport capacity of a design reach with the sediment supply of a stable upstream reach over the entire flow duration curve (FDC) rather than just a single discharge. Although CSR has a stronger physical basis than previous analytical channel design approaches, it has not been adopted in practice because it can be a cumbersome and time-consuming iterative analysis without the use of software. We investigate eighteen sand-bed rivers in a comparison of designs based on the CSR approach and five single-discharge metrics: the effective discharge (Qeff), the 1.5-year recurrence interval discharge (Q1.5), the bankfull discharge (Qbf), and the discharges associated with 50th (Qs50) and 75th (Qs75) percentiles of the cumulative sediment yield curve. To facilitate this analysis we developed a novel design tool using the Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) programming language in Excel® to produce stable channel slope-width combinations based on the CSR methodology for both sand- and gravel-bed streams. The CSR Stable Channel Design Tool’s (CSR Tool) code structure was based on Copeland’s method in SAM and HEC-RAS (Hydrologic Engineering Center’s River Analysis System) and was tested with a single discharge to verify outputs. The Qs50 and Qs75 single-discharge designs match the CSR output most closely, followed by the Qbf, Qeff, and Q1.5. The Qeff proved to be the most inconsistent design metric because it can be highly dependent on the binning procedure used in the effectiveness analysis. Furthermore, we found that the more rigorous physical basis of the CSR analysis is potentially most important in designing ‘labile’ channels with highly erodible substrate, high perennial flow ‘flashiness,’ low width-to-depth ratio, and high incoming sediment load. The CSR Tool provides a resource for river restoration practitioners to efficiently utilize in-depth design techniques that can promote sediment balance in dynamic fluvial systems.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202104.0019.v1

An Overview on Bioconcrete and the Utilization of Microbes in Civil Engineering

Mohammad Rizwan Bhina, Antoni H Wibowo, Kuang Yen Liu, Waseem Khan, Mohammad Salim

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: bioconcrete; microbes; biomineralization; self-healing; calcite precipitation

Online: 1 April 2021 (12:56:36 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Working Paper ARTICLE

Water Quality Management in Manzala Lake, Egypt

Mohamed Ahmed Reda Hamed

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: Manzala Lake; pollution; water quality; hydrodynamic model; Delft3D-WAQ

Online: 5 September 2019 (11:14:57 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Lake Manzala, the largest of the northern Delta lakes of Egypt, has a great economic importance as a major natural resource of fish and salt. Unfortunately, the lake is suffering from the high inputs of pollutants from industrial, domestic, and agricultural sources. The present study aims to develop the proposed water quality management scenarios to assess and control lake pollution, the pollution sources as well as the pollution spread from the lake to the connected Mediterranean Sea. To apply study methodology, the work tasks divided into two main parts, the first part involved in modelling the lake environments by using Delft3D-WAQ hydrodynamic and water quality model to study the current status and predict the dynamic state of the Lake. This model was calibrated and validated by using various water quality datasets to simulate different scenarios. In the second part, the required lake water quality improvement scenarios were developed to solve the lake water quality problems. The study results showed that the first three developed scenarios that focusing on treatment drain effluent using primary, secondary treatment and surface wetland techniques respectively have a limited efficiency on lake water quality improvement. While the fourth scenario that involved on using biological biofilm techniques can improve lake water quality parameters. Moreover, the fifth scenario that proposed adding a new artificial inlet has a limitation due to the noted increases in lake salinity levels. The sixth scenario that proposed a diversion of some drains can improve lake water quality parameters but it can lead to a decrease in Lake water level. From water quality view point, the last scenario that applying a combination biological biofilm activated technique and also adding a new artificial inlet at northern lake region can represent the optimum scenario. Hopefully, this research will preserve the lake environment and contribute to the benefit of the man health as well. This approach could be extended to the hydrodynamic studies in similar large, shallow lakes anywhere in the world.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201704.0094.v1

Modeling Time-Dependent Behavior of Concrete Affected by Alkali Silica Reaction in Variable Environmental Conditions

Mohammed Alnaggar, Giovanni Di Luzio, Gianluca Cusatis

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: alkali silica reaction; lattice discrete particle model; concrete; creep; shrinkage; aging; deterioration

Online: 17 April 2017 (06:12:48 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201902.0072.v1

Two-Layer Routing for High-Voltage Powerline Inspection by Cooperated Ground Vehicle and Drone

Yao Liu, Jianmai Shi, Zhong Liu, Jincai Huang, Tianren Zhou

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: high-voltage powerline inspection; vehicle routing; arc routing; drone; heuristic

Online: 7 February 2019 (12:59:30 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint TECHNICAL NOTE | doi:10.20944/preprints201706.0085.v1

Electrochemical Chloride Extraction and Inhibitor Injection in Salt-Contaminated Repair Mortar

Jing Gong, Zhang Shen, Yangyang Tong, Zhipeng Li, Xianming Shi

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: finite element modeling; electrochemical chloride extraction (ECE); electrical injection of corrosion inhibitor (EICI); rebar corrosion; repair mortar

Online: 19 June 2017 (13:40:09 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201902.0069.v1

The Effect of Humidity on the Electrical Resistance of Smart Sensor Based on Carbon Fibers

Marcin Górski, Rafał Krzywoń, Sofija Kekez

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: textile sensor; carbon fiber; false strain compensation

Online: 7 February 2019 (11:28:03 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201710.0129.v1

Error Evolution in Multi-Step Ahead Streamflow Forecasting for the Operation of Hydropower Reservoirs

Georgia Papacharalampous, Hristos Tyralis, Demetris Koutsoyiannis

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: hydropower; errors; multi-step ahead forecasting; recursive method; simulations

Online: 19 October 2017 (02:34:27 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201705.0114.v1

A Stability Criterion Model of Flexible Footbridges under Crowd-Induced Vertical Excitation

Yan-An Gao, Qing-Shan Yang, Juan Wang, Min Liu

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: stability criterion; bipedal excitation; excessive vibration; dynamic performances.

Online: 15 May 2017 (17:58:14 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201902.0022.v1

Highway Alignment Optimization: An Integrated BIM and GIS Approach

Linlin Zhao, Zhansheng Liu, Jasper Mbachu

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: BIM, GIS, Highway alignment, optimization

Online: 2 February 2019 (13:01:47 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0067.v1

Effects of Layer-Interface Properties on Mechanical Performance of Concrete Elements Produced by Extrusion-Based 3D-Printing

Venkatesh Naidu Nerella, Simone Hempel, Viktor Mechtcherine

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: Digital construction, concrete, 3D-printing, extrusion-based deposition, layer interfaces, bond strength, cold joints, concrete testing

Online: 3 October 2018 (17:44:13 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201705.0107.v1

Environmental, Human Health and Socio-Economic Effects of Cement Powders: the Multicriteria Analysis as Decisional Methodology

Laura Moretti, Paola Di Mascio, Simona Bellagamba

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: Cement; Multicriteria analysis; Life Cycle Analysis; Construction industry

Online: 12 May 2017 (17:45:58 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201611.0083.v2

A Two-Phase Model of Air Shock Wave Induced by Rock-Fall in Closed Goaf

Fengyu Ren, Yang Liu, Jianli Cao, Rongxing He, Yuan Xu, Xi You, Yan-jun Zhou

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: air shock wave; rock-fall; two-phase model; computational fluid dynamics (CFD)

Online: 23 January 2017 (09:15:34 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201901.0160.v2

Flow-Induced Stresses and Displacements in Jointed Concrete Pipes, Installed by Pipe Jacking Method

Moses Karakouzian, Mehrdad Karami, Mohammad Nazari-Sharabian, Sajjad Ahmad

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: fluid-structure interaction; soil-structure interaction; transient flow; pipe jacking; numerical modeling; abaqus FEA

Online: 17 January 2019 (05:02:55 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201808.0106.v1

Recycling and Reuse Technology: Waste to Wealth Initiative in a Private Tertiary Institution, Nigeria

David Olukanni, Anne Aipoh, Inibraniye Kalabo

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: Municipal Solid Waste; Waste Management, Sustainable Technology, Recycling, Reuse, Waste to wealth

Online: 6 August 2018 (09:44:57 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201705.0065.v1

The Potential of Active Contour Models in Extracting Roads from Mobile Laser Scanning Data

Pankaj Kumar, Paul Lewis, Tim McCarthy

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: active contour models; LiDAR, segmentation; road edges

Online: 8 May 2017 (12:24:55 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201909.0057.v1

Additional Value of Using Satellite-Based Soil Moisture and Two Sources of Groundwater Data for Hydrological Model Calibration

Mehmet Cüneyd Demirel, Alparslan Özen, Selen Orta, Emir Toker, Hatice Kübra Demir, Ömer Ekmekcioğlu, Hüsamettin Tayşi, Sinan Eruçar, Ahmet Bilal Sağ, Ömer Sarı, Ecem Tuncer, Hayrettin Hancı, Türkan İrem Özcan, Hilal Erdem, Mehmet Melih Koşucu, Eyyup Ensar Başakın, Kamal Ahmed, Awat Anwar, Muhammet Bahattin Avcuoğlu, Ömer Vanlı, Simon Stisen, Martijn J. Booij

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: HBV, GRACE, SMAP, ESA CCI SM v04.4, AMSR-E, Moselle River

Online: 5 September 2019 (10:14:35 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201705.0031.v2

Integrated Lighting Efficiency Analysis in Large Industrial Buildings to Enhance Indoor Environmental Quality

Dušan Katunský, Erika Dolníková, Saeed Doroudiani

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: industrial building; environment; lighting analysis; building physics; sustainable architecture; computational simulation; integrated lighting; solar radiation; luminance; sky components

Online: 16 June 2017 (12:29:28 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201801.0235.v1

Utilizing UAV and 3D Computer Vision for Visual Inspection of a Large Gravity Dam

Ali Khaloo, David Lattanzi, Adam Jachimowicz

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: infrastructure inspection; computer vision; structure from motion; dam inspection; 3D scene reconstruction; aerial robots; remote sensing; structural health monitoring; unmanned aerial vehicles

Online: 25 January 2018 (05:00:51 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201808.0241.v1

Survey of Full Scale Side-Stream EBPR Facilities and Comparison with Conventional EBPR: Process Stability, Kinetics and Microbial Ecology

Annalisa Onnis-Hayden, Varun Srinivasan, Nicholas B. Tooker, Guangyu Li, Dongqi Wang, April Z. Gu

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: EBPR; PAOs; GAOs; Side Stream EBPR

Online: 14 August 2018 (04:42:38 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201901.0241.v1

Energy Pile Field Simulation in Large Buildings: Validation of Surface Boundary Assumptions

Andrea Ferrantelli, Jevgeni Fadejev, Jarek Kurnitski

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: energy piles; validation; floor slab heat loss; energy; computer simulations

Online: 23 January 2019 (14:04:51 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201710.0133.v2

Comparison of Stochastic and Machine Learning Methods for Multi-Step Ahead Forecasting of Hydrological Processes

Georgia Papacharalampous, Hristos Tyralis, Demetris Koutsoyiannis

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: multi-step ahead forecasting; neural networks; random forests; stochastic vs machine learning models; support vector machines; time series

Online: 20 February 2018 (13:32:47 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201705.0066.v2

Laboratory Testing of a MEMS Sensor System for In-Situ Monitoring of the Engineered Barrier in a Geological Disposal Facility

Wenbin Yang, Rebecca J. Lunn, Alessandro Tarantino, Gráinne El Mountassir

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: monitoring; geological disposal; sensor; relative humidity; bentonite; engineered barrier system; MEMS; geological disposal

Online: 9 May 2017 (03:54:23 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202012.0137.v1

Summary and Evaluation of the Odour Regulations Worldwide

Anna Bokowa, Carlos Diaz, Jacek Koziel, Michael McGinley, Jennifer Barclay, Günther Schauberger, Jean-Michel Guillot, Robert Sneath, Laura Capelli, Vania Zorich, Cyntia Izquierdo, Ilse Bilsen, Anne-Claude Romain, Maria del Carmen Cabeza, Dezhao Liu, Ralf Both, Hugo Van Belois, Takaya Higuchi

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: Odour Legislation; Air Quality; Air Pollution; Odor; Smell; Odour Units; Dispersion Modelling; Agriculture; Environmental Regulations; Policy

Online: 7 December 2020 (10:58:20 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Supplementary Files| Share

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202009.0549.v1

A Review of Roof and Pond Rainwater Harvesting System: The Design, Performance and Way Forward

Husnna Aishah Zabidi, Hui Weng Goh, Chun Kiat Chang, Ngai Weng Chan, Nor Azazi Zakaria

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: domestic water demand; pond harvesting system; roof harvesting system; rainwater harvesting system; water scarcity; stormwater management

Online: 23 September 2020 (10:19:59 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201902.0207.v1

Measuring Young’s Modulus of Low-Density Foam Concrete Using Resonant Frequency

Yu Song, David A. Lange

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: cellular material; cellular concrete; foam concrete; foam material; mechanical property; Young’s modulus; foam modulus

Online: 21 February 2019 (13:12:08 CET)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201710.0046.v1

Full-Scale/Model Test Comparisons to Validate the Traditional ABL Wind Tunnel Simulation Technique: A Literature Review

X.X. Cheng, J. Dong, Y. Peng, L. Zhao, Y.J. Ge

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: comparative study; full-scale measurement; wind tunnel model test; multiple-fan actively controlled wind tunnel; research scheme

Online: 9 October 2017 (06:38:40 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201708.0105.v1

Strengthening of Existing Bridge Structures for Shear and Bending with Carbon Textile Reinforced Mortar

Martin Herbrand, Viviane Adam, Martin Classen, Dominik Kueres, Josef Hegger

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: concrete, textile reinforced mortar, strengthening, shear, bending

Online: 30 August 2017 (15:27:16 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202007.0715.v1

Extrusion Process Simulation and Layer Shape Prediction during 3D-Concrete-Printing Using The Particle Finite Element Method

Janis Reinold, Venkatesh Naidu Nerella, Viktor Mechtcherine, Günther Meschke

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: 3D-concrete-printing; additive manufacturing; extrusion processes simulation; regularized Bingham model; fresh concrete; particle finite element method

Online: 30 July 2020 (10:46:53 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201805.0370.v1

An Automated IoT Visualization BIM Platform for Decision Support in Facilities Management

Kai-Ming Chang, Ren-Jye Dzeng, Yi-Ju Wu

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: building information modeling; industry foundation classes; internet of things; smart campus; environmental sensors; Dynamo

Online: 25 May 2018 (12:29:54 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202006.0258.v1

Data Driven Solutions and Discoveries in Mechanics Using Physics Informed Neural Network

Qi Zhang, Yilin Chen, Ziyi Yang

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: Conservation laws; Data inference; Data discovery; Dimensionless form; PINN

Online: 21 June 2020 (10:56:06 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Share

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201709.0142.v1

Comparison and Downscale of AMSR2 Soil Moisture Products with In-Situ Measurements from the SCAN-NRCS Network over Puerto Rico

Jonathan Nuñez Olivieri, Jonathan Muñoz-Barreto, Rebecca Tirado-Corbala, Tarendra Lakhankar, Andmorgan Fisher

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: soil moisture; AMSR2; remote sensing; downscale; SCAN-NRCS; passive microwave

Online: 28 September 2017 (03:37:51 CEST)

Show abstract| Download PDF| Supplementary Files| Share