Abstract: The Informational Quantum Gravity (IQG) presents a paradigm-shifting framework that unifies quantum mechanics and general relativity by positioning quantum information as the fundamental fabric of reality. At the heart of IQG lies the Primordial Informational Field (PIF), a universal substrate described by quantum informational density and structured through discrete units called Quantules. IQG resolves longstanding paradoxes such as singularities, the black hole information problem, measurement problem and Schrödinger’s Cat Paradox, while providing testable predictions that align with current observational and experimental capabilities.

Abstract: The study of stellar evolution and exoplanet habitability is a cornerstone of modern astrophysics, with spectroscopy serving as a vital tool in unraveling the complexities of these phenomena. This article investigates the intricate relationship between the life cycles of stars and the potential for life on orbiting exoplanets, utilizing advanced spectroscopic techniques to analyze both stellar and planetary atmospheres. By examining the spectral signatures of various stellar types and their corresponding exoplanets, we identify key chemical markers indicative of habitability, such as water vapor (H₂O), carbon dioxide (CO₂), and methane (CH₄). Our findings reveal that the elemental composition and evolutionary stage of a star significantly influence the atmospheric conditions of its planets, thereby affecting their potential to support life. We present a comprehensive methodology that integrates observational data from ground-based and space telescopes, alongside theoretical models of stellar evolution and planetary atmospheres. The results demonstrate a clear correlation between stellar metallicity and the presence of life-sustaining molecules in exoplanetary atmospheres. This research not only enhances our understanding of the conditions necessary for life but also provides a framework for future studies aimed at identifying habitable worlds beyond our solar system. Ultimately, this work underscores the importance of interdisciplinary approaches in astrophysics, bridging the gap between stellar dynamics and astrobiology.

Abstract: This research paper explores the critical role of low surface brightness (LSB) galaxies in advancing our understanding of dark matter, a fundamental yet elusive component of the universe. LSB galaxies, characterized by their faint luminosity and extended structures, often harbor significant dark matter halos, making them invaluable for probing the properties and distribution of dark matter. Utilizing a combination of observational data from prominent surveys such as the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) and the Hubble Space Telescope (HST), alongside advanced dynamical modeling techniques, this study investigates the relationships between the structural characteristics of LSB galaxies and the nature of dark matter. Preliminary findings indicate that the mass-to-light ratios in these galaxies provide strong evidence supporting various dark matter models, suggesting that LSB galaxies can serve as essential proxies for understanding dark matter particles. Furthermore, the analysis of rotation curves reveals flat profiles consistent with dark matter dominance, while correlations between galaxy morphology and dark matter density profiles highlight the complex interplay between gravitational interactions and galaxy formation processes. This research ultimately contributes to a deeper understanding of galaxy evolution and the potential characteristics of dark matter, paving the way for future investigations aimed at unraveling the mysteries surrounding this enigmatic component of the cosmos.

Abstract: The challenge of the vacuum catastrophe arises from the vast discrepancy between quantum field theoretical predictions and observed vacuum energy density. Using analytic continuation techniques and asymptotic analysis to ensure physical consistency, we explored the Mittag-Leffler function (MLF), a generalized exponential function widely applied in fractional calculus and anomalous diffusion, as a potential framework to address vacuum catastrophe. We computed the MLF-regularized vacuum energy integral, evaluated renormalization group equations, derived modified field equations for different parameter choices, and provided numerical solutions to the modified Friedmann equations to track the evolution of the scale factor. Unlike conventional approaches relying on arbitrary cutoffs and standard QFT predictions, which exhibit uncontrolled growth at high energies, MLF smoothly regulates coupling divergences by naturally attenuating high-energy contributions while preserving Lorentz invariance and renormalization group consistency. The field propagation profile exhibited suppression of high-energy components, consistent with the modified dispersion relation predicted by fractional-order differential formulations. The scale factor evolution indicated a reduced contribution from vacuum energy, aligning with the expectation that MLF diminishes the effective cosmological constant. We found minimal deviations in the cosmic microwave background power spectrum, suggesting that MLF regularization induces subtle modifications to the ΛCDM model. Our findings suggest that the vacuum may follow fractional-order statistical behaviour rather than purely Gaussian statistics, accounting for long-range correlations and memory effects while naturally suppressing high-energy divergences. While not a definitive resolution, MLF regularization represents a significant advancement in addressing the vacuum catastrophe, offering a physically motivated approach to vacuum energy regularization.

Abstract: We present a reformulation of fundamental physics from an enumeration of independent axioms into the solution of a single optimization problem. Any experiment begins with an initial state preparation, involves some physical operation, and ends with a final measurement. Working from this structure, we maximize the entropy of a final measurement relative to its initial preparation subject to a measurement constraint. Solving this optimization problem for the natural constraint --the most permissive constraint compatible with said problem-- identifies an optimal physical theory. Rather than existing as a collection of postulates, quantum mechanics, general relativity, and Yang-Mills emerge within a unified theory. Notably, mathematical consistency further restricts valid solutions to 3+1 dimensions only. This reformulation reveals that the apparent complexity of modern physics, with its various forces, symmetries, and dimensional constraints, emerges as the solution to an optimization problem constructed over all experiments realizable within the constraint of nature.

Abstract: We propose new nonadditive entropy of the apparent horizon $S_K=S_{BH}/(1+\gamma S_{BH}^2)$, where $S_{BH}$ is the Bekenstein--Hawking (BH) entropy and consider the description of new cosmology. When parameter $\gamma$ vanishes ($\gamma\rightarrow 0$) our entropy $S_K$ is converted into BH entropy $S_{BH}$. By using the holographic principle a new model of holographic dark energy is studied. We obtain the generalised Friedmann's equations for Friedmann--Lema\^{i}tre--Robertson--Walker (FLRW) spacetime for the barotropic matter fluid with equation of state $p=w\rho$. From the second modified Friedmann's equation we find a dynamical cosmological constant. The dark energy pressure $p_D$, density energy $\rho_D$ and the deceleration parameter $q$ corresponding to our model are computed. It is shown that at some EoS $w$ and parameter $\gamma$ there are phases of universe acceleration, deceleration and eternal inflation. Our model, with the help of the holographic principle, can describe the universe inflation and late time of the universe acceleration. We show the current deceleration parameter $q_0\approx -0.6$ is realized at some model parameters. The generalised entropy of the apparent horizon with the holographic dark energy model may be of interest for new cosmology.

Abstract: Here we investigated modified f(R, T) gravity for Bianchi type-V metric in the presence of Lyra Geometry To acquire the deterministic solution of the field equations with f(R, T), we have considered the conditions: (i) f(R, T)=Rm1+Tm2 , R is the Ricci scalar, T is the energy momentum tensor And m1, m2 are constants (ii) The equation of state ,where p is the pressure, is the energy density and is the equation of state parameter that depends on the type of matter. Some Physical and Geometrical features of the model are also be discussed.

Abstract: As we all know, Einstein disagreed with Born's probabilistic interpretation of wave-functions, which collapse abruptly once measurements are performed on the corresponding systems. In the Einstein-Bohr debate, Einstein considered quantum mechanics incomplete. Inspired by Einstein, Bell and his followers intended to complete quantum mechanics within the framework of local realism. Regrettably, deterministic correlations in Einstein's local-realist description of the world are mistaken for "nonlocal-interactions" (non-locality) in the world described by Bell's theorem, which leads to the questionable interpretation of the experimental results obtained by testing Bell inequalities. This article introduces a new principle, the general principle of measurements, which is proved as a mathematical theorem and allows quantum mechanics to be completed within the framework of local realism while keeping the axiomatic definition of a general Hilbert space essentially unchanged. Using disjunction ("or") as the logical relation between orthonormal vectors spanning a given Hilbert space, the completed quantum theory precludes inexplicable collapses of wave-functions and is intuitively comprehensible, thus alleviating much difficulty in understanding quantum mechanics. Among various world views, Einstein's local-realist world view is correct.

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Abstract: Recently developed photonic integrated circuits (PICs) for wireless communications are reviewed. These PICs leverage hybrid integration technology, which combines InP active elements, silicon nitride (Si3N4) low-loss waveguides, high-efficient ther-mal-optical tunable polymer with micro-optical functions to achieve fully integrated systems. This approach incorporates photonic building blocks, such as tunable lasers, on-chip optical isolators, optical phased arrays (OPAs), modulators, semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs), PIN-photodiodes, and waveguide-based photoconductive antennas. Among the key innovations are the generation of phase-locked optical sig-nals for wireless carrier at 45 GHz through on-chip frequency comb generation and injection locking, as well as the photonic-enabled beam steering across 20° at 300 GHz by integrating polymer-based optical phased arrays with InP PIN-photodiode-based antenna arrays. These advancements result in compact form factors, reduced power consumption, and enhanced scalability, positioning PICs as an enabling technology for future high-speed wireless networks.

Abstract: This theory proposes that our observable universe is inside a massive wormhole, with its rapid expansion caused by gravitational influences from higher-dimensional spaces (heavens). It provides an alternative explanation for dark matter and dark energy and suggests that time travel—both into the future and past—is possible under specific conditions using relativistic travel and wormholes. Additionally, this theory aligns with the Quranic concept of seven heavens, offering a possible physical model for the cosmic structure described in Islamic theology.

Abstract: We propose a novel extension to the recently developed non-commutative Riemannian foliated branch-cut quantum gravity (BCQG). On basis in an extended Faddeev–Jackiw symplectic deformation of the conventional Poisson algebra, we investigate non-commutativity effects on a symplectic topological manifold that provides a natural isomorphic setting composed by a triad of canonically conjugate scalar complex fields which comprise quantum complementary dualities. The resulting extended manifold spans the canonical BCQG cosmic scale factor and, in addition to its complementary quantum counterpart, outlined in the perfect fluid domain of Hermann Weyl, a scalar-complex inflaton-inspired field. By constructing a triad of quantized fields underlying a noncommutative spacetime, this extension allows the elaboration of a scenario where the original branch-cut domain coexists with a complex scalar inflaton-type field, settled on a plateau of a strong gravity interaction structure. Alongside shaping this structure settled on a background composed by the primordial energy, radiation-, quintessence-, stiff-, baryon- and dark matter, combined with the spacetime components of the scalar Ricci curvature at different orders, cosmic inflation is driven. The presence of the inflaton field in the present formulation transcends the character of a simple reference field, to the extent that its original motivation has been to driven inflation, a role played by the original formulation of the BCQG. The resulting symplectic algebraic extension allows additionally a liaison with primordial cosmic density perturbation predictions based on heuristic derivations of the scale invariance of the primordial spectrum of the Universe, as well as with eternal inflation and primordial chaotic cosmic mechanisms proposals. Given the peculiar characteristic of BCQG in overcoming the primordial singularity, the non-commutative symplectic extension proposal, due to the complex character of the constituent fields, additionally outlines the evolutionary process of the mirror Universe that encompasses analytically continued complex conjugate Friedmann's-type equations. This brings unique characteristics to the main scenario for the BCQG cosmic evolution, with a mirrored parallel evolutionary Universe, adjacent to ours, nested in the structure of space and time. The evolutionary process of the mirror Universe occurs in the negative sector of cosmological thermal time, and is characterized by a continuous cosmic contraction, with a systematic and continuous increase in temperature and a decrease in entropy before reaching the transition region to the current stage of the Universe. In contrast, the subsequent present evolutionary stage of cosmic expansion is characterized by a positive complex cosmological-time sector, accompanied by a systematic decrease in temperature and increase in entropy. On basis on complementary analytically continued Friedmann’s-type equation, combined with a quantum approach based on the Ho\v{r}awa-Lifshitz quantum gravity, we describe the dynamic evolution of the Universe’s wave function, unfolding unprecedented predictions for the cosmic evolution and inflation. This approach offers a new perspective to explain the accelerated cosmic expansion of the Universe, strongly suggesting that non-commutative algebra induces the late accelerated growth of the wave function of the Universe as well as of the corresponding scale factor and its complementary quantum counterparts. In contrast to the conventional inflationary model, where inflation requires a remarkably fine-tuned set of initial conditions in a patch of the Universe, non-commutative foliated quantum gravity, analytically continued to the complex plane, captures short and long scales of spacetime, leading to an evolutionary cosmic dynamic through a topological reconfiguration of the primordial cosmic matter and energy content. Still, we consider in this work the interplay between naturalness and a fine-tuning set constraining of the cosmological initial conditions. This result introduces new speculative framework elements regarding the reconfiguration of matter and energy due to an underlying non-commutative spatio-temporal structure as a driver of spacetime cosmic acceleration.

Abstract: The theory states that the first things that existed in the universe until the present moment were moved by influences of the intensity of the specific physical concept. This statement is possible based on the numerous observations that show that the intensity of the specific physical concept can influence specific elements and facts. In this way, it is possible to understand that the study is the possibility of unifying quantum physics with the theory of general relativity. The objective of the study is to help explain the elements and facts of the universe from its origins to the present.

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This study examines the mineral composition of volcanic samples similar to lunar materials, focusing on olivine and pyroxene. Using hyperspectral imaging (HSI) from 400 to 1000 nm, we created data cubes to analyze reflectance characteristics of samples from Italy’s Vulcano region, categorizing them into nine regions of interest (ROIs) and analysing spectral data for each. We applied various unsupervised clustering algorithms, including K-Means, Hierarchical Clustering, Gaussian Mixture Models (GMM), and Spectral Clustering, to classify the spectral profiles. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) revealed distinct spectral signatures associated with specific minerals, facilitating precise identification. Clustering performance varied by region, with K-Means achieving the highest silhouette score of 0.47, whereas GMM performed poorly with a score of only 0.25. Non-negative Matrix Factorization (NMF) aided in identifying similarities among clusters across different methods and reference spectra for olivine and pyroxene. Hierarchical clustering emerged as the most reliable technique, achieving a 94% similarity with the olivine spectrum in one sample, whereas GMM exhibited notable variability. Overall, the analysis indicated that both Hierarchical and K-Means methods yielded lower errors in total measurements, with K-Means demonstrating superior performance in estimated dispersion and clustering. Additionally, GMM showed a higher root mean square error (RMSE) compared to the other models. The RMSE analysis confirmed K-Means as the most consistent algorithm across all samples, suggesting a predominance of olivine in the Vulcano region relative to pyroxene. This predominance is likely linked to historical formation conditions similar to volcanic processes on the Moon, where olivine-rich compositions are common in ancient lava flows and impact melt rocks. These findings provide a deeper context for mineral distribution and formation processes in volcanic landscapes.

Abstract: The role of randomness in physical systems remains a pivotal topic, influencing the transition from quantum mechanics to classical stability and shaping complex dynamic behaviors. This paper explores the concept of stochastic determinism, illustrating how stochastic processes contribute to order in classical and quantum systems. By integrating stochastic differential equations (SDEs), entropy-driven self-organization, and fluctuation-dissipation principles, we demonstrate that randomness is not merely an obstacle to predictability but a key mechanism for structure formation. The study further examines applications in thermodynamics, turbulence, and quantum decoherence, bridging stochasticity and determinism as complementary aspects of physical reality.

Abstract: Chlorophyll levels are a key indicator of plant nitrogen status, which plays a critical role in optimizing agricultural yields. This study evaluated the performance of three low-cost multi-spectral sensors, AS7262, AS7263, and AS7265x, for non-destructive chlorophyll measurement. Measurements were taken from a diverse set of five leaf types, including smooth, uniform leaves (banana and mango), textured leaves (jasmine and sugarcane), and narrow leaves (rice). Partial Least Squares regression models were used to fit sensor spectra to chlorophyll levels, using nested cross-validation to ensure robust model evaluation. Sensor performance was assessed using R2 and mean absolution error (MAE) scores. The AS7265x demonstrated the best performance on smooth, uniform leaves with R2 scores of 0.96-0.95. Its performance decreased for the other leaves, with R2 scores of 0.75-0.85. The AS7262 and AS7263 sensors, while slightly less accurate, achieved reasonable R2 scores ranging from 0.93 to 0.86 for smooth leaves, and 0.85 to 0.73 for the other leaves. All sensors, particularly the AS7265x, show potential for non-destructive chlorophyll measurement in agricultural applications. Their low cost and reasonable accuracy make them suitable for agricultural applications such as monitoring plant nitrogen levels.

Abstract: We have performed the microscopic calculation of β-decay properties for waiting point nuclei with neutron-closed magic shells. Allowed Gamow-Teller (GT), and first-forbidden (FF) transitions have been simulated using a Schematic Model (SM) for waiting-point N=50,82 isotopes in the framework of a proton-neutron quasiparticle random phase approximation ( pn-QRPA). The Woods-Saxon (WS) potential basis has been used in our calculations. The pn-QRPA equations of allowed GT and FF transition have been utilized in both the particle-hole ( ph ) and particle-particle ( pp ) channels in the SM. We solved the secular equations of the GT and FF transitions for eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of the corresponding Hamiltonians. A spherical shape was assigned to each waiting-point nuclei in all simulations. Significantly, this study marks the first time that β-decay analysis has been applied to certain nuclei, including 5082Ge,5083As,5084Se,5085Br and 5087Rb with (N=50 isotones) and 82132Sn,82133Sb,82134Te,82135I and82137Cs with (N=82 isotones). Since there had been no prior theoretical research on these nuclei, this work is a unique addition to the field. We have compared our results with the previous calculations and measured data, and our calculations agree with the experimental data and the other theoretical results.

Abstract: The prevailing cosmological models predict that the universe will ultimately succumb to an entropy-driven heat death, an irreversible state of maximum disorder. However, this assumption is based on the indiscriminate application of the Second Law of Thermodynamics to an evolving cosmic system where gravitational interactions dominate. In this paper, we propose the “The Phoenix Universe Model: Death and Rebirth Through Gravitational Collapse”, which presents an alternative framework wherein the universe undergoes perpetual cycles of expansion and gravitational collapse. By integrating the Law of Natural Adjustment (LNA), we demonstrate that mass-energy redistributes itself in a manner that minimizes energy expenditure, leading to a self-regulating system rather than an entropic end-state. Observational evidence of large-scale structure consolidation, increasing gravitational influence over expansion, and dark energy’s potential dissipation provide strong indications that a cyclic model is viable. We argue that once the universe reaches a critical mass-energy density threshold, gravitational collapse becomes inevitable, leading to a phase of reorganization and renewal, rather than a singular terminal fate. This paper redefines cosmic evolution as an ongoing cycle of death and rebirth through gravitational collapse, offering a dynamic alternative to the conventional view of a thermodynamic demise.

Abstract: Free-ion impurities in liquid crystals (LCs) significantly impact the dynamic electro-optic performance of liquid crystal displays (LCDs), leading to slow switching times, short-term flickering, and long-term image sticking. These ionic contaminants originate from various sources, including LC cell fabrication, electrode degradation, and organic alignment layers. This study demonstrates that doping LCs with a small concentration of helical carbon nanotubes (hCNTs) effectively reduces free-ion concentrations by approximately 70%. The resulting reduction in ionic impurities lowers the rotational viscosity of the LC, facilitating faster electro-optic switching. Additionally, the purified LC exhibits enhanced dielectric anisotropy, further improving its performance in display applications. These findings suggest that hCNT doping offers a promising approach for mitigating ion-related issues in LCs without the need for additional chemical treatments, paving the way for an efficient LCD technology.

Abstract: Recent advancements in metal/perovskite photodetectors have leveraged plasmonic effects to enhance the efficiency of photogenerated carrier separation. In this work, we present an innovative approach to designing heterostructure photodetectors, integrating a perovskite film with a plasmonic metasurface. Using finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulations, we investigate the formation of hybrid photonic-plasmonic modes and examine their quality factors in relation to loss mechanisms. Our results demonstrate that these hybrid modes facilitate strong light confinement within the perovskite layer, with significant intensity enhancement at the metal-perovskite interface—an ideal condition for efficient charge carrier generation. We also propose the use of low-bandgap perovskites for direct infrared passive detection and explore the potential of highly Stokes-shifted perovskites for active detection applications, including ultraviolet and X-ray radiation.