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Bridging Language Gaps in Medical Education: The Role of English Language Teaching in English-Medium Instruction
Suryanti Suryanti,
Idris Ahmed,
Hamzah Hamzah,
Insan Sosiawan Tunru
Posted: 17 February 2025
Association of Nutritional Status and Cognitive Development in Preschoolers: A Public Health and Educational Cross-Sectional Study
Prakash Sharma,
Chitra Budhathoki,
Bhimsen Devkota,
Niki Syrou,
Antonios Valamontes,
Ioannis Adamopoulos
Nutritional deficiencies negatively impact cognitive development in preschoolers, affecting brain growth and causing behavioral and educational consequences. This study evaluates the relationship between nutritional status and cognitive development, highlighting the public health and educational implications of cognitive developmental delays and the increasing malnutrition among children. This study aimed to explore the factors influencing cognitive development in preschoolers (ages 3-5) in Rupandehi District, Nepal. A cross-sectional survey design was employed, using multi-stage random sampling with data collected from 379 children. Information on the children’s socio-economic and demographic status, as well as their stage of cognitive development, was gathered through scheduled interviews and direct observation. Nutritional status was assessed using anthropometric measurements, specifically Height-for-Age (HAZ) and Weight-for-Age (WAZ), which emerged as significant predictors of cognitive development. Better nutritional status was strongly correlated with higher cognitive development scores. Family structure also played a critical role, with children from joint families exhibiting lower cognitive development scores. Age was a marginally significant factor, indicating a slight decline in cognitive development as children grew older. The findings emphasize the need for interventions targeting improved child nutrition and addressing family dynamics alongside policies that promote equitable educational opportunities. These results provide valuable insights into how nutrition, family structure, and age influence early childhood cognitive development, informing strategies for effective interventions and policy recommendations. Public health authorities should focus on enhancing the educational and nutritional status of preschoolers, as preschool significantly impacts their cognitive and productive development.
Nutritional deficiencies negatively impact cognitive development in preschoolers, affecting brain growth and causing behavioral and educational consequences. This study evaluates the relationship between nutritional status and cognitive development, highlighting the public health and educational implications of cognitive developmental delays and the increasing malnutrition among children. This study aimed to explore the factors influencing cognitive development in preschoolers (ages 3-5) in Rupandehi District, Nepal. A cross-sectional survey design was employed, using multi-stage random sampling with data collected from 379 children. Information on the children’s socio-economic and demographic status, as well as their stage of cognitive development, was gathered through scheduled interviews and direct observation. Nutritional status was assessed using anthropometric measurements, specifically Height-for-Age (HAZ) and Weight-for-Age (WAZ), which emerged as significant predictors of cognitive development. Better nutritional status was strongly correlated with higher cognitive development scores. Family structure also played a critical role, with children from joint families exhibiting lower cognitive development scores. Age was a marginally significant factor, indicating a slight decline in cognitive development as children grew older. The findings emphasize the need for interventions targeting improved child nutrition and addressing family dynamics alongside policies that promote equitable educational opportunities. These results provide valuable insights into how nutrition, family structure, and age influence early childhood cognitive development, informing strategies for effective interventions and policy recommendations. Public health authorities should focus on enhancing the educational and nutritional status of preschoolers, as preschool significantly impacts their cognitive and productive development.
Posted: 17 February 2025
Mental Health Continuum—Short Form: A Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) of Competing Models with Adolescents from Portugal
Luís Loureiro,
José Santos,
Cândida Loureiro
Posted: 17 February 2025
Personality Traits, Coping Styles and Sociodemographic Variables as Risk Factors for Mental Health Problems in Emerging Adults
Josefa A. Antón-Ruiz,
Elisa Isabel Sánchez-Romero,
Elena Cuevas-Caravaca,
Miguel Bernabé-Castaño,
Ana I. López-Navas
Posted: 17 February 2025
Differences in Port Pricing Strategies: Case of Port and Fairway Fees in Northern Baltic Sea Countries
Tõnis Hunt,
Ulla Tapaninen,
Jonne Kotta
Ports and waterways are integral components of the maritime transport system, facilitating global trade and logistics. Governments, ports, and service providers levy charges on vessels for the use of fairways, port access, and associated services. This study analyzes the port and fairway fee strategies of seven major Baltic Sea ports across four countries: Estonia (Tallinn and Sillamäe), Latvia (Riga and Ventspils), Finland (Helsinki and HaminaKotka), and Sweden (Stockholm). The analysis evaluates the application of general port pricing principles in these ports' strategies. The findings reveal that port fees are predominantly value-based, with tariff rates varying by vessel type and cargo. However, no uniform structure exists for fairway fees. Notably, incorporating environmental components into fairway fee calculations emerges as a promising mechanism to promote sustainability in maritime transport. By incentivizing the adoption of environmentally friendly vessels through differentiated fee structures, ports and policymakers can accelerate the transition toward greener shipping practices. This study highlights the role of economic instruments in advancing environmental objectives and emphasizes the need for a harmonized, sustainability-driven approach to fairway and port pricing in the Baltic Sea region.
Ports and waterways are integral components of the maritime transport system, facilitating global trade and logistics. Governments, ports, and service providers levy charges on vessels for the use of fairways, port access, and associated services. This study analyzes the port and fairway fee strategies of seven major Baltic Sea ports across four countries: Estonia (Tallinn and Sillamäe), Latvia (Riga and Ventspils), Finland (Helsinki and HaminaKotka), and Sweden (Stockholm). The analysis evaluates the application of general port pricing principles in these ports' strategies. The findings reveal that port fees are predominantly value-based, with tariff rates varying by vessel type and cargo. However, no uniform structure exists for fairway fees. Notably, incorporating environmental components into fairway fee calculations emerges as a promising mechanism to promote sustainability in maritime transport. By incentivizing the adoption of environmentally friendly vessels through differentiated fee structures, ports and policymakers can accelerate the transition toward greener shipping practices. This study highlights the role of economic instruments in advancing environmental objectives and emphasizes the need for a harmonized, sustainability-driven approach to fairway and port pricing in the Baltic Sea region.
Posted: 17 February 2025
Evidence-Based Research-Oriented Chemistry Teacher Education
Johannes Pernaa,
Outi Haatainen,
Maija Aksela
Posted: 17 February 2025
From Participation to Passion: Enhancing Motivation and Engagement in the Classroom
Albina Tadjibaeva
Posted: 14 February 2025
History, Developments and Social Impacts of Journalism Industry in Saudi Arabia: An Integrative Review
Safran Safar Almakaty
This paper presents an integrative review of the history, developments, and social impacts of journalism in Saudi Arabia. It analyzes the industry's evolution from traditional forms to contemporary practices shaped by technological advancements and socio-political changes. The research examines the roles of governmental regulations, cultural influences, and economic factors in shaping industry. Utilizing a multidisciplinary approach, the study assesses how Saudi journalism has navigated challenges and opportunities over time. Key developments in media laws, the rise of digital journalism, and consequent social impacts, including changes in public discourse and civic engagement, are critically examined. Findings reveal a complex interplay between state control, technological innovation, and journalistic practice, highlighting both constraints and progress within the Saudi context. This review contributes to the broader understanding of media evolution in non-Western settings, offering insights into potential future trajectories of journalism in Saudi Arabia. By providing a comprehensive analysis of historical and contemporary dynamics, this research underscores the significance of sustainable journalistic practices and informed public discourse for societal development. The paper concludes with recommendations for future research and practical applications aimed at fostering an open and resilient journalism industry in Saudi Arabia.
This paper presents an integrative review of the history, developments, and social impacts of journalism in Saudi Arabia. It analyzes the industry's evolution from traditional forms to contemporary practices shaped by technological advancements and socio-political changes. The research examines the roles of governmental regulations, cultural influences, and economic factors in shaping industry. Utilizing a multidisciplinary approach, the study assesses how Saudi journalism has navigated challenges and opportunities over time. Key developments in media laws, the rise of digital journalism, and consequent social impacts, including changes in public discourse and civic engagement, are critically examined. Findings reveal a complex interplay between state control, technological innovation, and journalistic practice, highlighting both constraints and progress within the Saudi context. This review contributes to the broader understanding of media evolution in non-Western settings, offering insights into potential future trajectories of journalism in Saudi Arabia. By providing a comprehensive analysis of historical and contemporary dynamics, this research underscores the significance of sustainable journalistic practices and informed public discourse for societal development. The paper concludes with recommendations for future research and practical applications aimed at fostering an open and resilient journalism industry in Saudi Arabia.
Posted: 14 February 2025
Determinants of Brain Drain and the Role of Citizenship in Skilled Migration
Alejandro Vega-Muñoz,
Paloma González-Gómez-del-Miño,
Nicolás Contreras-Barraza
Posted: 14 February 2025
Mitigating Seasonality in Regional Tourism: Tourism Practitioners’ Reflections on Sport Events
Sofia K. Gkarane,
Chris A. Vassiliadis,
Iordanis Kotzaivazoglou,
Garyfallos Fragidis,
Vasiliki Vrana
Posted: 14 February 2025
Autonomous Ride-Sharing Services in the United States: A Scoping Review of Policies, Implementation, Performance and Market Penetration
Isabelle Wandenkolk,
Sherrilene Classen,
Audrey Williams
Posted: 14 February 2025
Promotion on the Legal Framework and Its Practice for the Normative Development of Generative AI in China –Focused on the Relevant Clauses of China’s Interim Measures for the Administration of Generative AI Services
Bing Chen
Posted: 14 February 2025
The Impact of Self-Regulated Learning Strategies on Argumentative Writing in Flipped Learning Environments
Leyli Nouraei Yeganeh,
Majid Nemati
Posted: 13 February 2025
The Cognitive Load of a Task Suggests That Induced Alpha Desynchronization Is Not Directly Related to the Recruitment of Neural Resources
Manuel Vazquez-Marrufo,
Rocio Caballero-Diaz,
Esteban Sarrias-Arrabal,
Ruben Martin-Clemente
Posted: 13 February 2025
Upgrading Data Governance to Improve Disability-Related Services in Thailand
Sitthisak Chaiyasuk,
Krish Rugchatjaroen,
Somboon Sirisunhirun,
Nopraenue Sajjarax Dhirathiti,
Somsak Amornsiriphong,
Phut Ploywan
Posted: 13 February 2025
Exploring the Potential of ChatGPT in Human Resource Management: Opportunities, Challenges, and Strategic Insights
Raha Aghaei,
Ali Akbar Kiaei,
Mahnaz Bush,
javad Vahidi,
Zeinab Barzegar,
Mohammad Zavvar,
Mahan Rofoosheh
Posted: 13 February 2025
Methodology for Assessing Spatial Perception in Martial Arts
Vyacheslav Romanenko,
Wojciech J. Cynarski,
Yrui Tropin,
Yuliya Kovalenko,
Georgiy Korobeynikov,
Svitlana Рiatysotska,
Volodymyr Mikhalsky,
Valerii Holokha,
Shukurjon Gaziyev
Posted: 13 February 2025
Trustworthy AI for Whom? GenAI Detection Techniques of Trust Through Decentralized Web3 Ecosystems
Igor Calzada,
Géza Németh,
Mohammed Salah Al-Radhi
As generative AI (GenAI) technologies proliferate, ensuring trust and transparency in digital ecosystems becomes increasingly critical, particularly within democratic frameworks. This article examines decentralized Web3 mechanisms—blockchain, decentralized autonomous organizations (DAOs), and data cooperatives—as foundational tools for enhancing trust in GenAI. These mechanisms are analyzed within the framework of the EU’s AI Act and the Draghi Report, focusing on their potential to support content authenticity, community-driven verification, and data sovereignty. Based on a systematic policy analysis, this article proposes a multi-layered framework to mitigate the risks of AI-generated misinformation. Specifically, as a result of this analysis, it identifies and evaluates seven detection techniques of trust stemming from the action research conducted in the Horizon Europe lighthouse project called Enfield: (i) federated learning for decentralized AI detection, (ii) blockchain-based provenance tracking, (iii) Zero-Knowledge Proofs for content authentication, (iv) DAOs for crowdsourced verification, (v) AI-powered digital watermarking, (vi) explainable AI (XAI) for content detection, and (vii) Privacy-Preserving Machine Learning (PPML). By leveraging these approaches, the framework strengthens AI governance through peer-to-peer (P2P) structures while addressing the socio-political challenges of AI-driven misinformation. Ultimately, this research contributes to the development of resilient democratic systems in an era of increasing technopolitical polarization.
As generative AI (GenAI) technologies proliferate, ensuring trust and transparency in digital ecosystems becomes increasingly critical, particularly within democratic frameworks. This article examines decentralized Web3 mechanisms—blockchain, decentralized autonomous organizations (DAOs), and data cooperatives—as foundational tools for enhancing trust in GenAI. These mechanisms are analyzed within the framework of the EU’s AI Act and the Draghi Report, focusing on their potential to support content authenticity, community-driven verification, and data sovereignty. Based on a systematic policy analysis, this article proposes a multi-layered framework to mitigate the risks of AI-generated misinformation. Specifically, as a result of this analysis, it identifies and evaluates seven detection techniques of trust stemming from the action research conducted in the Horizon Europe lighthouse project called Enfield: (i) federated learning for decentralized AI detection, (ii) blockchain-based provenance tracking, (iii) Zero-Knowledge Proofs for content authentication, (iv) DAOs for crowdsourced verification, (v) AI-powered digital watermarking, (vi) explainable AI (XAI) for content detection, and (vii) Privacy-Preserving Machine Learning (PPML). By leveraging these approaches, the framework strengthens AI governance through peer-to-peer (P2P) structures while addressing the socio-political challenges of AI-driven misinformation. Ultimately, this research contributes to the development of resilient democratic systems in an era of increasing technopolitical polarization.
Posted: 12 February 2025
An Overview of Essential 21st Century Skills for Labour Market and Education
Eirini Golegou,
Manolis Wallace,
Kostas Peppas
Posted: 12 February 2025
The Middle-to-High School Transition: Key Factors Shaping 9th-Grade Computer Science Enrollment
David Amiel,
Cynthia Blitz
Posted: 12 February 2025
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