The morphological transformation of an arched ribbon driven by torsion is a scientific problem that is connected with daily life and requires thorough analysis. An arched ribbon can achieve an instantaneous high speed through energy transformation and then return to the original shape of the structure. In this paper, based on the characteristics of the ribbon structure, the dynamic mathematical model of the arched ribbon driven by torsion is established from the Kirchhoff rod equation. The variations of the Euler angle of each point on the center line of the ribbon with the arc coordinate s and the rotation angle of the supports $\phi$ was examined. The relationship between the internal force distribution of each point in the direction of $\hat{d}_{a}$ and the material, cross-sectional properties, and rotation angle of the supports was obtained. We used ABAQUS, a nonlinear finite element analysis tool, to simulate the morphological transformations of the ribbons, verified our theory with simulation results, and reproduced the experimental results of Sano. Furthermore, we redefined the concept of the ``critical flipping point'' of Sano. In this paper, the dimensional analysis method was used to fit the simulation data. The following relationship between the critical width $ w ^{*} $, thickness h, and the radius R of the ribbon with different cross sections was obtained: $w^{*}=A\cdot R\left(h/R\right)^{0.6}$, where A is 3.19 for rectangular cross sections and 3.06 for elliptical cross sections. By analyzing the simulation data, we determined the variation behavior of the out-of-plane deflection of the center point of the ribbon with the radius R, width w, and thickness h. Our research has guiding significance for understanding and designing arched ribbons driven by torsion, and the results can be applied to problems of different scales.

Voltage-gated Ca²⁺ (Ca_v) channels play pivotal roles in regulating gene transcription, neuronal excitability, and neurotransmitter release. In order to meet the spatial and temporal demands of visual signaling, Ca_v channels exhibit unusual properties in the retina compared to their counterparts in other areas of the nervous system. Here, we review current concepts regarding the specific subtypes of Ca_v channels expressed in the retina, their intrinsic properties and forms of modulation, and how their dysregulation could lead to retinal disease.

Automation is the key aspect of science and technology field and refers to controlling the systems for efficient output requirements. The development of robotics and similar, technologies in 21st century is a vast topic of research and significant progress has been made on this field. This research study focuses on building a ribbon-cutting robot with a Bluetooth interface for event inaugurations. The entire system hinges on constructing a prototype that is mounted on a robotic car frame with four wheels and an Arduino controller. In this case, ribbons are cut using a nickel wire, and it may be paired with an Android device via Bluetooth or an application. The robot is one of the first steps toward the development of autonomous, cognitive robots and can be used in a variety of events. Efficient temperature monitoring is done with help of LM35 sensor and Bluetooth based communication in order to monitor the conditions and effectively control the actions for which robot is designed. The robot has significantly allowed authors for desired tests on ribbon cutting and final results obtained were very exciting for its desired application target. Ribbon-cutting robots find applications in various events, including inaugurations, exhibitions, and ceremonies. Their precision and novelty add value to such occasions.

In recent years, graphene has received so much attention because of its superlative properties and its potential to revolutionize electronics especially in VLSI. This study analyzes the effect of single event upset (SEU) in SRAM cell which employs metal-oxide semiconductor type graphene nano-ribbon field effect transistor (MOS-GNRFET) and compares the results respectively with another SRAM cell designed in PTM 10nm FinFET node. Our simulation show there is a change in data stored in the SRAM after heavy ion strike. However, it recovers from radiation effects after 0.46 ns for GNRFET and 0.51 ns for FinFET. Since the degradation observed in Q and Qb of GNRFET SRAM are 2.7X and 2.16X as compared to PTM nano-MOSFET, we can conclude that GNRFET is less robust to single effect upset. In addition, the stability of SRAM can be improved by increasing the supply voltage VDD.

An increasing body of evidence shows that seaweeds, including kelp, can be used as a tool to neutralize or remove excess nutrients and metals from the water column. Here we report on a preliminary field assessment showing potential nutrient and carbon removal differences by sugar kelp and ribbon kelp grown in common gardens. Seawater and tissue samples were collected systematically from two farms in Alaska. Results show differences between % N and % C content between ribbon kelp (Alaria marginata) and sugar kelp (Saccharina latissima). Results also show that tissue nitrogen in ribbon kelp varies sharply due to nitrogen availability in the water column. In contrast, the percentage of tissue N in sugar kelp remains comparatively stable. Our outcomes provide insight into potential differences in nutrient removal and harvest timing for different kelp species.

Ultra-thin Fe–6.5wt.%Si ribbons with 35 μm in thickness were prepared by melt-spinning. The magnetic properties were investigated before and after annealing 1000 ºC. DC properties and low-frequency (400 Hz ~ 10 kHz) iron losses have significantly improved after heat treatment. A simplified formula based on Steinmetz law which can be used to predict the AC iron loss is presented. According to the results of some iron losses data, a simplified formula has been determined, and the extent of AC iron losses can be predicted. The results obtained from the formula predict AC iron loss to a good degree. The method developed in this work could be extended to other magnetic materials for predicting AC iron loss with greater ease.