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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.0137.v1

Observational Constraints and Future of the Universe with Dynamic Dark Energy

Florian Neukart

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Hubble tension; Cosmic Microwave Background; Large-scale structures; Dark energy constraints; Future cosmological observations

Online: 3 January 2024 (04:20:40 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1831.v1

Smoke Toxicity: A Review of Bench‐to‐Large‐Scale Comparisons

Gabrielle Peck

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Physical Chemistry Keywords: large-scale testing; smoke toxicity; equivalence ratio; bench-to-large scale

Online: 29 November 2023 (08:07:05 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0830.v1

A New Type of WENO Scheme for Large Eddy Simulation of Turbomachinery Flows

Shuo Zhang, Dongdong Zhong, Hao Wang, Xingshuang Wu, Ning Ge

Subject: Engineering, Aerospace Engineering Keywords: WENO scheme; turbomachinery flow; NUAA-Turbo; large scale engineering application; LES

Online: 12 April 2024 (08:07:45 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1861.v1

Stability Analysis and Dynamic Simulations for Gravity Gradient of a Large Rigid Space Structure

Chenglei Tang, Jialiang Sun, Dongping Jin

Subject: Engineering, Aerospace Engineering Keywords: Stability analysis; Gravity gradient; Large rigid space structure; Orbit dynamics; Natural coordinate formulation

Online: 29 March 2024 (13:45:30 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202104.0657.v1

Using Lorentz Violation for Early Universe GW Generation Due to Black Hole Destruction in the Early Universe as by Freeze

Andrew W Beckwith

Subject: Physical Sciences, Acoustics Keywords: Minimum scale factor, cosmological constant, DE

Online: 26 April 2021 (11:02:39 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0332.v1

A Specific Large-Scale Pressure Gradient Forcing for Computation of Realistic 3D Wind Fields Over a Canopy at Stand Scale

Francois Pimont, Jean-Luc Dupuy, Rodman Linn, Jeremy Sauer

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science And Meteorology Keywords: Ekman balance - Forest canopy – Large-eddy simulation – Large-scale pressure gradient - Streaks

Online: 15 October 2018 (18:19:27 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.1210.v1

Evolution and Functions of the Cerebral Cortex – A review

Josep M. Guerrero, Andrea Justo Cabrera, Juan C. Vasquez

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Neuroscience And Neurology Keywords: evolution; functions; cerebral cortex; large scale neural networks

Online: 19 October 2023 (09:54:27 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202207.0396.v1

Asymmetry in Galaxy Spin Directions -- Analysis of Data from DES and Comparison to Four Other Sky Surveys

Lior Shamir

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Galaxies; Large-scale structure of Universe; Cosmic anisotropy

Online: 26 July 2022 (08:08:06 CEST)

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Preprint COMMUNICATION | doi:10.20944/preprints202101.0499.v1

Integrated Machian Model of a Light Speed Rotating Universe

Satya Seshavatharam U.V, Lakshminarayana S

Subject: Physical Sciences, Acoustics Keywords: Mach's Universe; Planck scale; Cosmic Angular velocity; Galactic applications; shortened radius; shortened age;

Online: 25 January 2021 (13:46:20 CET)

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Preprint ESSAY | doi:10.20944/preprints202005.0320.v1

Huge Filaments as Regions of Space-Time Deformation

Irina Rozgacheva

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: cosmology; large scale structure; huge filaments; space-time deformation

Online: 20 May 2020 (06:52:32 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201910.0096.v1

Test of a Modified Rainfall-runoff Model in Large-scale River Basins

Spyros Giakoumakis, Dimitris Tigkas

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Water Science And Technology Keywords: Rainfall-runoff model; large-scale river basins; calibration; validation

Online: 9 October 2019 (10:16:32 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202109.0195.v1

Extending a Large-scale Model to Better Represent Water Resources without Increasing the Model Complexity

Robyn Horan, Nathan J. Rickards, Alexandra Kaelin, Helen E. Baron, Thomas Thomas, Virginie D.J. Keller, Prabhas K. Mishra, Manish K. Nema, Sekhar Muddu‬, Kaushal K. Garg, Rishi Pathak, Helen A. Houghton-Carr, Harry Dixon, Sharad K. Jain, Gwyn Rees

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: large-scale model; hydrology; groundwater; reservoirs; Cauvery; Narmada.

Online: 13 September 2021 (09:17:28 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.1691.v1

Influence of Key Strata on the Evolution Law of Mining-induced Stress in the Working Face of Deep and Large-scale Mining

Jianlin Xie, Shan Ning, Weibing Zhu, Xiaozhen Wang, Tao Hou

Subject: Engineering, Mining And Mineral Processing Keywords: key strata; mining-induced stress; DOFS; 3DEC; large-scale mining

Online: 23 June 2023 (14:09:45 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1929.v1

Performance Scaling of Silicon after Moore’s Law

Ohm Rishabh Venkatachalam

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: semiconductors; chips; hardware; large scale silicon die; chiplets; quantum hardware

Online: 30 November 2023 (10:33:35 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201912.0128.v1

Comparative Analysis of Risk Management Techniques for Large-Scale Systems

Mehreen Sirshar, Aliya Shahid, Zoya Alam

Subject: Engineering, Control And Systems Engineering Keywords: large scale systems; risk assessment; risk management techniques; risk mitigation

Online: 10 December 2019 (07:14:12 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.1638.v1

Using the ISO 9705 Room Corner Test for Smoke Toxicity Quantification of Oriented Strand Board

Gabrielle Peck

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Physical Chemistry Keywords: Smoke Toxicity; Large-Scale; Oriented Strand Board; ISO 9705; Flammability

Online: 28 November 2023 (01:40:57 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202011.0300.v1

Day-ahead Market Modelling of Large-scale Highly-renewable Multi-energy Systems: Analysis of the North Sea Region Towards 2050

Juan Gea Bermúdez, Kaushik Das, Hardi Koduvere, Matti Juhani Koivisto

Subject: Engineering, Automotive Engineering Keywords: Energy System; Large Scale; Day Ahead Market; Operational Planning; Unit Commitment

Online: 10 November 2020 (10:34:00 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201811.0081.v1

Halo Concentrations and the Fundamental Plane of Galaxy Clusters

Yutaka Fujita, Stefano Ettori, Megan Donahue, Keiichi Umetsu, Elena Rasia, Massimo Meneghetti, Elinor Medezinski, Nobuhiro Okabe, Marc Postman

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: galaxies; clusters; general—cosmology; theory—darkmatter—large-scale structure of universe

Online: 5 November 2018 (03:43:57 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202011.0520.v1

Are Cosmic Isotropy Limits from Analyses of the Cosmic Microwave Background Credible?

Michael J. Longo

Subject: Physical Sciences, Acoustics Keywords: Large-scale structure of Universe; cosmic background radiation; cosmology; early Universe

Online: 19 November 2020 (20:45:43 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.0436.v2

Quarantine Disinfestation of Papaya Mealybug (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) Using Gamma and X-rays Irradiation

Zi-Jiao Song, Qing-Ying Zhao, Chen Ma, Ran-Ran Chen, Tian-Bi Ma, Zhi-Hong Li, Guo-Ping Zhan

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Insect Science Keywords: Phytosanitary irradiation; Paracoccus marginatus; dose-response test; large-scale confirmatory test.

Online: 21 July 2023 (10:21:54 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.2125.v1

Performance of Water Indices for Water Resources Monitoring Using Large-Scale Sentinel-2 Data

Mathias Tesfaye, Lutz Breuer

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Remote Sensing Keywords: Sentinel-2; remote sensing; Google Earth Engine; large-scale; water resource

Online: 30 May 2023 (11:24:44 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202307.0899.v1

CFD Model Verification and Aerodynamic Analysis in Large-Scaled Venlo Greenhouse Complex for Tomato Cultivation

Anthony Kintu Kibwika, Hyo-Jae Seo, Il–Hwan Seo

Subject: Engineering, Other Keywords: Grid independent test; Large-scale greenhouse; Natural ventilation; Ventilation efficiency

Online: 13 July 2023 (09:33:12 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0575.v1

Large Eddy Simulation Inflow Generation Using Reduced Length Scales for Low-Rise Buildings

Ava Shahrokhi, Julien Berthaut-Gerentes, Lin Ma, Derek Ingham, Mohamed Pourkashanian

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: large eddy simulation; integral length scale; wind assessment; wind measurement

Online: 8 June 2023 (08:47:38 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202112.0165.v1

One-Point Statistics Matter in Extended Cosmologies

Alex Gough, Cora Uhlemann

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: cosmology; theory; large scale structure of the Universe; analytical methods

Online: 10 December 2021 (07:31:46 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0637.v1

Untangling Cosmic Magnetic Fields: Faraday Tomography at MetreWavelengths with LOFAR

Shane O'Sullivan, Marcus Brüggen, Cameron Van Eck, Martin Hardcastle, Marijke Haverkorn, Timothy Shimwell, Cyril Tasse, Valentina Vacca, Cathy Horellou, George Heald

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: magnetic fields; Faraday tomography; large-scale structure; AGN; Milky Way

Online: 26 October 2018 (15:35:41 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201806.0459.v1

Fractal Structure and Non Extensive Statistics

Airton Deppman, Eugenio Megias, Debora P. Menezes, Tobias Frederico

Subject: Physical Sciences, Thermodynamics Keywords: fractal structure; non extensive statistics; Tsallis statistics; self-similarity; scale invariance

Online: 28 June 2018 (05:30:41 CEST)

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Preprint CASE REPORT | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0967.v1

Giant Intraabdominal Lymphangioma in a Pediatric Patient

Iuliana-Laura Candussi, Alexandru Petecariu, Mirela Lungu, Camelia Busila, Raul Mihailov, Anca Neagu, Claudiu N. Lungu, Ioan Sarbu, Carmen I Ciongradi

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: Intra-abdominal cyst; large masses; mesenteric lymphangioma

Online: 18 March 2024 (08:23:24 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202312.0988.v1

Ecological Quality Evaluation of Large-scale Farm Based on Improved Remote Sensing Ecological Index

Jun Wang, Lili Jiang, Qingwen Qi, Yongji Wang

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Remote Sensing Keywords: large-scale farms; ecological environment; remote sensing imagery; remote sensing ecological index

Online: 13 December 2023 (11:24:28 CET)

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Large-scale farms are pivotal sites for the development of the agricultural industry, and the quality of the ecological environment is a significant factor affecting the growth of cereal crops. Consequently, assessing the ecological quality of large-scale farms is of great importance. This paper leverages the advantages of remote sensing imagery for long-term, quantitative, and dynamic monitoring of ecological quality over extensive areas. It develops an ecological assessment procedure suitable for agricultural regions based on an Improved Remote Sensing Ecological Index (IRSEI), which considers the coupling of ecosystem component elements. This procedure introduces a Pan-Salinity Index (PSI) tailored to the characteristics of soil salinization in farming areas and incorporates an ecological greenness index based on the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), an ecological humidity index derived from the K-T transform (WET), an ecological dryness index synthesized from the bare soil index and the built-up index (NDBSI), and an ecological heat index represented by the Land Surface Temperature (LST) calculated from atmospheric parameter models. These five indices are integrated into the ecological assessment system. The experimental results visually demonstrate the development and changes of ecological impact factors in the farm research area over the past decade, as well as the spatiotemporal variations in the quality of the farm's ecological environment. The findings indicate that between 2010 and 2019, the overall trend of IRSEI first declined, then rose, and subsequently experienced a slight decrease. Through differential analysis, regions and areas with declining ecological quality were identified, providing a data reference for the formulation and implementation of future ecological protection and management measures for the farm. The proposed IRSEI method offers a rapid and effective new monitoring approach for agricultural planting areas with a tendency towards soil salinization.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202011.0608.v1

The Impact of Utility-Scale Photovoltaics Plant on Near Surface Turbulence Characteristics in the Barren Areas

Junxia Jiang, Xiaoqing Gao, Chen Bolong

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science And Meteorology Keywords: large-scale photovoltaic plants; M-O similarity theory; roughness; stability; turbulence intensity

Online: 24 November 2020 (09:46:14 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201903.0117.v1

An Accelerating and Rotating Planck-Hubble Universe (A Very Simple Model of Quantum Cosmology)

U. V. S. Seshavatharam, S. Lakshminarayana

Subject: Physical Sciences, Nuclear And High Energy Physics Keywords: planck scale; quantum cosmology; critical density; ordinary matter; dark matter; expansion velocity; angular velocity; Hubble’s law;

Online: 11 March 2019 (08:01:28 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201804.0296.v1

Study on the Construction of Landscape Ecological Classification System for Large-Scale Coal-Power Base in Semi-Arid Steppe Region

Zhenhua Wu, Shaogang Lei, Zhengfu Bian

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: semi-arid steppe region; large-scale coal-power base; landscape ecological classification

Online: 23 April 2018 (12:48:59 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0102.v1

Subgrid Turbulent Flux Models for Large Eddy Simulations of Diffusion Flames in Space Propulsion

Daniel Martinez-Sanchis, Andrej Sternin, Sagnik Banik, Oskar Haidn, Martin Tajmar

Subject: Engineering, Aerospace Engineering Keywords: Large Eddy Simulation; Turbulence; Combustion; Methane; Propulsion

Online: 1 April 2024 (15:04:25 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0593.v1

Effectiveness of Atezolizumab in Metastatic Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Lung and the Predictive Value of miR-375. The LANCE Trial, a Pilot Study

Georgios Evangelou, Ioannis P. Trontzas, Ioannis Gkiozos, Ioannis Vamvakaris, Maria Grammoustianou, Christina Paraskeva, Georgia Gomatou, Ioannis Tsamis, Ioannis A. Vathiotis, Maximilian Anagnostakis, Vasiliki Koliaraki, Konstantinos Syrigos

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Oncology And Oncogenics Keywords: large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma; LCNEC; immunotherapy; atezolizumab; miR375

Online: 11 March 2024 (17:49:38 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201812.0100.v1

On the Application of Massive MIMO Systems to Machine Type Communications

Felipe A. P. de Figueiredo, Fabbryccio A. C. M. Cardoso, Ingrid Moerman, Gustavo Fraidenraichz

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Large-scale antenna systems, 5G networks, machine type communications, channel estimation, linear detection

Online: 10 December 2018 (12:38:34 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201905.0331.v1

On the Role of Electric Vehicles towards Low-Carbon Energy Systems: Italy and Germany in Comparison

Sara Bellocchi, Kai Klöckner, Michele Manno, Michel Noussan, Michela Vellini

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: large-scale RES; curtailments; electric vehicles; EnergyPLAN; integrated energy systems analysis; CO2 emissions

Online: 28 May 2019 (10:33:27 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201701.0028.v9

Revealing the Phenomena of Heat and Photon Energy on Dealing Matter at Atomic Level

Mubarak Ali

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Materials Science And Technology Keywords: heat energy; photon energy; fundamental forces; nanoscale phenomenon; atomic scale phenomenon; electron scale phenomenon

Online: 8 December 2017 (03:46:45 CET)

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Technology is in the way to reach in its climax but the basic understanding of science in many phenomena is still awaited even though the nature witnesses it. Scientific research reveals strong analogy between photon and electron. When an atom deals neutral state, it levitates electron of outer ring from the back surface while placing the bit-energy at front surface. Gravitation behavior of that electron starts at the centre of relaxation point by including the force of side pole where the pulling force of nearby unfilled state of that atom from the front surface results into depict forcing energy shape like Gaussian distribution symbol with both ends turned called unit photon. The inertia is being involved at each stage of changing direction of that electron by introducing the disappearances of forces of two poles against the appearances of forces of two opposite poles during rest to motion and motion to rest in the first half-cycle. The same is the case in the second half-cycle of that electron during rest to motion and motion to rest but it is under different introduction of the disappearances of forces against appearances of forces. However, at stage of levitating or gravitating period of electron, only one force is being involved at one time where the opposite force is disappeared. The uninterrupted confined inter-state electron-dynamics of atom under the availability of several bits of bit-energy results into generate forcing energy shape like a wave. Two bits of bit-energy where shape of bit for first half-cycle is like integral symbol and second half-cycle is like opposite integral symbol which are being placed along the configuring trajectory of inter-state electron-dynamics during forward-direction cycle and two bits of bit-energy shape in opposite order are being placed along the trajectory of inter-state electron-dynamics during back-direction cycle. Generating forcing energy of unit photon in each cycle is pushing to the rear side by remaining connected till the electron is not restoring the state of rest. Silicon atom is considered as a model system under neutral state. Uninterrupted confined inter-state electron-dynamics result into generate forcing energy that can travel immeasurable length and unavailability of necessitating bit-energy at any interrupted stage result into generate an overt photon. Inter-state electron-dynamics for at least two cycles generate an overt photon –a photon length twice to unit photon. Under certain interaction of unit photon, it divides equally into two bits of bit-energy instead of dividing into tits and bits of heat. The mechanism of generating photon characteristic current by the electron of neutral state atom validates that atoms are four-dimensional discs at centre of dealing no force. An isolated electron is being grounded under directed forcing energy to impinge a neutral state atom where the gained instantaneous velocity under merged energy resulting into distort atom at that point. Matter changes the role of energy and force under various sorts of interactions. Here, heat energy and photon energy explore matter at atomic and electron levels, thus, devise basis of science to describe.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.1885.v1

Tubular Structure Segmentation via Multi-Scale Reverse Attention Sparse Convolution

Xueqiang Zeng, Yingwei Guo, Asim Zaman, Haseeb Hassan, Jiaxi Lu, Jiaxuan Xu, Xiaoqiang Miao, Huihui Yang, Anbo Cao, Yingjian Yang, Rongchang Chen, Yan Kang

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: cerebrovascular; airway; tubular structures; multi-scale; reverse attention; sparse convolution

Online: 26 May 2023 (07:58:26 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202311.0139.v1

LP-based Row Generation using Optimization-based Sorting Method for Solving Budget Allocation with a Combinatorial Number of Constraints

Aphisak Witthayapraphakorn, Sasarose Jaijit, Peerayuth Charnsethikul

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computational Mathematics Keywords: row generation; sorting method; linear programming; large-scale problem; budget allocation; capital budgeting

Online: 2 November 2023 (08:44:38 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202007.0200.v2

Light Speed Expansion and Rotation of a Very Dark Machian Universe Having Internal Acceleration

U.V.S. Seshavatharam, S. Lakshminarayana

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Planck scale; Machian universe; Speed of light; Galactic dark matter; Galactic visible mass; Galactic visible mass density; Cosmic anisotropy; Galactic internal acceleration; Cosmic graviton wavelength

Online: 12 July 2020 (14:20:12 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0703.v1

Comparative Small and Large Gap Rheometry for Cementitious Pastes

Mareike Thiedeitz, Thomas Kränkel

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: Large gap rheometry; cementitious pastes; rheology; Reiner-Riwlin equation

Online: 13 February 2024 (03:36:56 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1504.v1

The Development and Testing of the Hippocratic Heart Failure Self-care Scale

Hero Brokalaki, ANASTASIA A CHATZIEFSTRATIOU, Nikolaos V. Fotos, Athina Patelarou, Konstantinos Giakoumidakis

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Primary Health Care Keywords: self-care; self-management; heart failure; validation; scale development

Online: 27 February 2024 (12:39:05 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1621.v1

FLRW Transit Cosmological Model in F (R,T) Gravity

Vijay Singh, Siwaphiwe Jokweni, Aroonkumar Beesham

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: f(R,T) gravity; dark energy; scale factor.

Online: 28 February 2024 (09:31:08 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.1082.v1

Application of Multiscale Hierarchical Porous Structure Design in Bone Tissue Engineering Scaffolds: A Review

Yun Wang, Yufeng Meng, Yuning Wang, Shuai Yuan, Yiyuan Li, Yanhuizhi Feng, Zuolin Wang

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Biomaterials Keywords: multi-scale; hierarchical structure; porous scaffold; bone tissue engineering; bone regeneration

Online: 18 October 2023 (02:34:08 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0461.v1

A Guide for the Bioinformatic Analysis of Metabolomics Data

Guillem Santamaria, Francisco R Pinto

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Other Keywords: metabolomics; bioinformatics; workflow; biostatistics; genome-scale metabolic modelling.

Online: 8 February 2024 (09:15:31 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1183.v1

Factors Influencing Disease Dynamics in Small-Scale Carp Polyculture in Bangladesh

Partho Pratim Debnath, Pochara Prukbenjakul, Melba G. Reantaso, Charles R Tyler, Channarong Rodkhum

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Aquatic Science Keywords: Small-scale aquaculture; Carp farming; Disease; Biosecurity; Sustainable aquaculture

Online: 21 February 2024 (11:38:23 CET)

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Small scale carp polyculture plays a key role for food supply in Bangladesh, however, factors including water pollution, limited infrastructure and inadequate disease management hinder its sustainability. This paper reports on a survey of 231 farmers across the 6 major carp producing regions in Bangladesh, analyzing factors including, farmers’ social aspects, farm characteristics, information on disease and approaches adopted to combat them, and biosecurity practices. Almost half (46.8%) of the farms surveyed experienced disease in carp species, with clear regional variations. Eighty four percent of farms reported carp mortalities during disease outbreak, with an average mortality level 10.23±11.81%. Clinical signs during outbreaks lasted between a week and a month, and there was a peak in disease outbreaks in two seasonal periods between June to July and October to December. Disease incidence was related to a range of factors including the farmer experience, ponds/farm type, stocked species, and biosecurity practice. A combination of disinfecting measures during pond preparation and measures during stocking, including discarding fingerling transport water off-farm, fingerling disinfection and check the health of fingerlings before stocking significantly reduced disease occurrence. Treatments involving the antibiotics, ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, and azithromycin were reported as ineffective, raising concerns about non-prudent use, inadequate dosing (perhaps without appropriate veterinary guidance) and the potential for further driving antimicrobial resistance in the environment. The research unveils a concerning pattern of disease high disease incidence across small-scale carp farms in Bangladesh and the significant potential for disease spread highlights the need for responsible disposal practices. The study emphasizes the need for improving training and awareness programs are vital for addressing biosecurity and disease management challenges, ensuring sustainable aquaculture and community well-being.

Working Paper ARTICLE

Effect of Interlayer Cooling Time, Constraint and Tool Path Strategy on Deformation of Large Components made by Laser Metal Deposition with Wire

Yousub Lee, Yashwanth Bandari, Peeyush Nandwana, Brian Gibson, Brad Richardson, Srdjan Simunovic

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: large-scale additive manufacturing; interlayer cooling time; tool path optimization; part deformation; Ti-6Al-4V

Online: 10 November 2019 (09:04:24 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1074.v1

Automatic Explanation Of Metal’s Phenomena By Application Of Artificial Neural Networks – Use Case For Hot Extruded Aluminum Alloy 6082

Tomaž Goričan, Milan Terčelj, Iztok Peruš

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Materials Science And Technology Keywords: Artificial Neural Networks; Automatic Explanation; Hot Extrusion; Aluminum Alloy; large language models; ChatGPT

Online: 19 March 2024 (14:40:03 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0282.v2

Design Optimization of Centrifugal Microfluidic "Lab-on-a-Disc" Systems towards Fluidic Larger-Scale Integration

Jens Ducrée

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Software Keywords: centrifugal microfluidics, Lab-on-a-Disc, large-scale integration, reliability, tolerances, band width, packing density

Online: 8 June 2021 (12:07:35 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202309.1174.v1

ENN: Hierarchical Image Classification Ensemble Neural Network for Large-Scale Automated Detection of Potential Design Infringement

Chan Jae Lee, Seong Ho Jeong, Young Yoon

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: Design Right Infringement; Deep Learning; Ensemble Learning; Image Classification; Object Detection; Large-Scale Detection System

Online: 19 September 2023 (03:03:46 CEST)

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This paper presents a two-stage hierarchical neural network using image classification and object detection algorithms as key building blocks for a system that automatically detects a potential design right infringement. This neural network is trained to return the Top-N original design right records that highly resemble the input image of a counterfeit. Design rights specify the unique aesthetic characteristics of a product. Due to the rapid change of trends, new design rights are continuously generated. This work proposes an Ensemble Neural Network (ENN), an artificial neural network model that aims to deal with a large amount of counterfeit data and design right records that are frequently added and deleted. At first, we performed image classification and objection detection learning per design right using the existing models with a proven track record of high accuracy. The distributed models form the backbone of the ENN and yield intermediate results aggregated at a master neural network. This master neural network is a deep residual network paired with a fully connected network. This ensemble layer is trained to determine the sub-models that return the best result for a given input image of a product. In the final stage, the ENN model multiples the inferred similarity coefficients to the weighted input vectors produced by the individual sub-models to assess the similarity between the test input image and the existing product design rights to see any sign of violation. Given 84 design rights and the sample product images taken meticulously under various conditions, our ENN model achieved average Top-1 and Top-3 accuracies of 98.409% and 99.460%, respectively. Upon introducing new design rights data, a partial update of the inference model was done an order of magnitude faster than the single model. ENN maintained a high level of accuracy as it scaled out to handle more design rights. Therefore, the ENN model is expected to offer practical help to the inspectors in the field, such as the customs at the border that deal with a swarm of products.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202310.1702.v1

Research on the Shock Environment Characteristics of Marine Diesel Engine Based on a Large Floating Impact Platform

Yu Zhang, Jun Li, Chun hui Zhang, Wei Chen, Zhi peng Du, Xiao bin Li

Subject: Engineering, Marine Engineering Keywords: large-scale floating shock platform (LFSP); shock environments; underwater explosion; marine diesel engines; shock spectra

Online: 26 October 2023 (11:40:15 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201702.0067.v1

Influences of Multiscale Land Cover Characteristics and Specific Conductivity on Fish Assemblages in the Nolichucky River Watershed, Tennessee

Hayley S. Gotwald, J. Brian Alford

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: spatial scale; CCA; indicator species analysis; land use; SWAT; bioassessment

Online: 17 February 2017 (07:33:16 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201703.0076.v1

Mercury Levels in Human Hair and Farmed Fish near Artisanal and Small-Scale Gold Mining Communities in the Madre de Dios River Basin, Peru

Aubrey L. Langeland, Rebecca D. Hardin, Richard L. Neitzel

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Toxicology Keywords: mercury; exposure assessment; human health; artisanal and small-scale gold mining

Online: 14 March 2017 (08:40:59 CET)

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Artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASGM) has been an important source of income for communities in the Madre de Dios River Basin in Peru for hundreds of years. However, in recent decades, the scale of ASGM activities in the region has increased dramatically, and exposures to a variety of occupational and environmental hazards related to ASGM, including mercury, are becoming more widespread. The aims of our study were to: (1) examine patterns in the total hair mercury level of human participants in several communities in the region and compare these results to the 2.2 µg/g total hair mercury level equivalent to the World Health Organization (WHO) Expert Committee of Food Additives (JECFA)’s Provisional Tolerable Weekly Intake (PTWI); and (2), to measure the mercury levels of paco (Piaractus brachypomus) fish raised in local aquaculture ponds, in order to compare these levels to the EPA Fish Tissue Residue Criterion of 0.3 µg Hg/g fish (wet weight). We collected hair samples from 80 participants in four communities (one control and three where ASGM activities occurred) in the region, and collected 111 samples from fish raised in 24 local aquaculture farms. We then analyzed the samples for total mercury. Total mercury levels in hair were statistically significantly higher in the mining communities than in the control community, and increased with increasing distance away from the Madre de Dios headwaters (as the crow flies), did not differ by sex, and frequently exceeded the reference level. Regression analyses indicated that higher hair mercury levels were associated with residence in ASGM communities. The analysis of paco fish samples found no samples that exceeded the EPA tissue residue criterion. Collectively, these results align with other recent studies showing that ASGM activities are associated with elevated human mercury exposure. The fish farmed through the relatively new process of aquaculture in ASGM areas appeared to have little potential to contribute to human mercury exposure. More research is needed on human health risks associated with ASGM to discern occupational, residential, and nutritional exposure, especially through tracking temporal changes in mercury levels as fish ponds age, and assessing levels in different farmed fish species. Additionally, research is needed to definitively determine that elevated mercury levels in humans and fish result from the elemental mercury from mining, rather than from a different source, such as the mercury released from soil erosion during deforestation events from mining or other activities.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0371.v1

Is Entropy a Force of Nature?

Martin Johnson

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: dark energy
cosmic background radiation
dark ages
large-scale structure of the Universe

Online: 7 February 2024 (03:37:23 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202112.0376.v1

Large-Scale Printed Chinese Character Recognition for ID Cards Using Deep Learning and Few Samples Transfer Learning

Yi-Quan Li, Hao-Sen Chang, Daw-Tung Lin

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Large-Scale Image Classification; Printed Chinese Character Recognition; Data Synthesis; GoogLeNet-GAP; Transfer Learning

Online: 22 December 2021 (16:31:53 CET)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

Reassessing Dust's Role in Forming the CMB

Fulvio Melia

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: cosmic microwave background; cosmological parameters; cosmology: observations; cosmology: redshift; cosmology: theory; large-scale structure

Online: 14 June 2020 (16:16:26 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202004.0302.v1

From Local to Global: A Transfer Learning-Based Approach for Mapping Poplar Plantations at Large Scale

Yousra Hamrouni, Éric Paillassa, Véronique Chéret, Claude Monteil, David Sheeren

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: active learning; poplar plantations; spatial transfer; sentinel-2; large scale; image classification; random forest

Online: 17 April 2020 (15:05:54 CEST)

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Reliable estimates of poplar plantations area are not available at the French national scale due to the unsuitability and low update rate of existing forest databases for this short-rotation species. While supervised classification methods have been shown to be highly accurate in mapping forest cover from remotely sensed images, their performance depends to a great extent on the labelled samples used to build the models. In addition to their high acquisition cost, such samples are often scarce and not fully representative of the variability in class distributions. Consequently, when classification models are applied to large areas with high intra-class variance, they generally yield poor accuracies. In this paper, we propose the use of active learning (AL) to efficiently adapt a classifier trained on a source image to spatially distinct target images with minimal labelling effort and without sacrificing classification performance. The adaptation consists in actively adding to the initial local model, new relevant training samples from other areas, in a cascade that iteratively improves the generalisation capabilities of the classifier, leading to a global model tailored to different areas. This active selection relies on uncertainty sampling to directly focus on the most informative pixels for which the algorithm is the least certain of their class labels. Experiments conducted on Sentinel-2 time series showed that when the same number of training samples was used, active learning outperformed passive learning (random sampling) by up to 5% of overall accuracy and up to 12% of class F-score. In addition, and depending on the class considered, the random sampling required up to 50% more samples to achieve the same performance of an active learning-based model. Moreover, the results demonstrate the suitability of the derived global model to accurately map poplar plantations among other tree species with overall accuracy values up to 14% higher than those obtained with local models. The proposed approach paves the way for national-scale mapping in an operational context.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201806.0266.v1

Improved Collecting Line Current Protection Scheme against Large-scale Wind Generators Tripping off

Wei Jin, Yuping Lu, Tao Huang

Subject: Engineering, Electrical And Electronic Engineering Keywords: Collecting line current protection (CLPC); coordination protection; large-scale WGs trip-off; risk indicator

Online: 18 June 2018 (13:48:38 CEST)

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There have been several cases of large-scale wind generators (WGs) tripping off caused by untimely fault removing in recent years. Currently, the discoordination between the box-type transformer fuse protection (BTFP) and two-section collecting line current protection (CLCP) brings a security risk to wind farm. In order to ensure the selectivity, the first section (Sec-I) CLCP should be set a enough interval that is longer than the fuse melting time, and another interval is set for the Sec-II CLCP, which weakens the speed of the CLCP. When a fault occurs on the collecting line, there is no doubt that WGs cannot work too long in abnormal operation, which may cause WGs to be placed off the grid. For a power system with high penetration of wind power, large-scale WGs tripping off will cause a great power shortage, and affect the stability of the power system. The selectivity and sensitivity of the CLCP is analyzed in detail to make the CLCP speed better. Considering the fault ride-through ability of WGs, the fault clear time is an important factor to lead to large-scale WGs tripping off. Two main works are done in this paper. The first is to accelerate the speed of the Sec-I CLCP though reducing the protection zone. Another one is introduce the risk assessment module into the CLCP, which not only improve the speed of the CLCP but also ensure the safety of the wind farm during faults. According to the deference in trip-off causes of WGs, the matching functions are created to assess the trip-off risk of WGs on the spot. In the case of fault, the trip-off risk indicators of WGs are timely updated to data sharing center and open to the CLCPs. The set of risk indicators is divided into several subsets according to the risk range. The dynamic changes of the subsets during fault help to improved CLCP scheme. This scheme can accelerate protection speed based on the increasing risk of large-scale WGs tripping off in wind farms. Compared with traditional CLCP, this approach can make the CLCP combines selectivity and speed better based on the analysis of the ride- through ability of WGs.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201806.0175.v1

Antineutrino Star Model of the Big Bang and Dark Energy

Tom F. Neiser

Subject: Physical Sciences, Particle And Field Physics Keywords: cosmology: theory; gravitation; early universe; dark energy; large-scale structure of universe; cosmic background radiation; neutrinos

Online: 12 June 2018 (08:43:45 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0768.v1

Towards Cognition-Aligned Visual Language Models via Zero-Shot Instance Retrieval

Teng Ma, Daniel Organisciak, Wenbao Ma, Yang Long

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: Large Visual Language Models; Zero-Shot Instance Retrieval; Cognition-Alignment

Online: 13 March 2024 (07:29:35 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0138.v1

Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to Estimate Technical and Scale Efficiencies of Smallholder Pineapple Farmers in Ghana

Kwaku Boakye, Yu-Feng Lee, Festus Annor-Frempong, Samuel Dadzie, Iddrisu Salifu

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Economics Keywords: Data Envelopment Analysis, Technical Efficiency, Scale Efficiency, Farming Production

Online: 4 March 2024 (11:41:38 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0329.v1

Modeling of Protein Structural Flexibility and Large-Scale Dynamics: Coarse-grained Simulations and Elastic Network Models

Sebastian Kmiecik, Maksim Kouza, Aleksandra Elzbieta Badaczewska-Dawid, Andrzej Kloczkowski, Andrzej Kolinski

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: protein dynamics; coarse-grained simulation; Monte-Carlo dynamics; structural flexibility; large-scale dynamics; elastic network model;

Online: 15 October 2018 (17:10:57 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202101.0544.v2

Gravitation with Cosmological Term, Expansion of the Universe as Uniform Acceleration in Clifford Coordinates

Alexander Kritov

Subject: Physical Sciences, Mathematical Physics Keywords: Clifford algebras Cl(3,0) and Cl(0,3); center of Cl(3); two dimensional spacetime of time-volume; constant uniform acceleration; Rindler coordinates; FLRW metric; scale factor; AdS and de Sitter models

Online: 5 February 2021 (10:13:00 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1448.v1

Sleepiness and Vitamin D Levels in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Kostas Archontogeorgis, Nicholas-Tiberio Economou, Panagiotis Bargiotas, Evangelia Nena, Athanasios Voulgaris, Konstantina Chadia, Georgia Trakada, Andrea Romigi, Paschalis Steiropoulos

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Pulmonary And Respiratory Medicine Keywords: Vitamin D; sleepiness; obstructive sleep apnea (OSA); sleep apnea; Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS)

Online: 26 February 2024 (13:57:15 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.0422.v1

Secrecy Analysis of a Mu-MIMO LIS-Aided Communication Systems Under Nakagami-M Fading Channels

Ricardo Coelho Ferreira, Gustavo Fraidenraich, Felipe A. P. de Figueiredo, Eduardo Rodrigues de Lima

Subject: Engineering, Telecommunications Keywords: Large Intelligent Surfaces; Reflecting Surfaces; Mobile Communications; Nakagami-m Fading; Mu-MIMO systems

Online: 9 April 2024 (09:31:35 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1028.v1

An Energy-Efficient Logistic Drone Routing Method considering Dynamic Drone Speed and Payload

Kunpeng Wu, Shaofeng Lu, Haoqin Chen, Minling Feng, Zenghao Lu

Subject: Engineering, Transportation Science And Technology Keywords: Drone routing problem; Logistics drone; Mixed-integer linear programming; Adaptive large neighborhood search

Online: 18 March 2024 (11:39:14 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201607.0069.v1

Testing Ststistical Hypothesis in Light of Mathematical Aspects in Analysis of Probability

Michael Fundator

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Applied Mathematics Keywords: Principal of prediction; random sequences; recurrence; Law of Large Numbers; exponential; normal; bivariate; distribution; Entropy; Information

Online: 23 July 2016 (09:25:13 CEST)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

A New 3D Geological Modeling Method Based On Remote Sensing and Its Application in Ya 'an Area Sichuan Province

Zhaoyang Ma, Lihai Zhang, Yan Wang, Guifan Zhu, Yinping Liang

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science And Meteorology Keywords: Multi-source heterogeneity; remote sensing; large-scale high-precision modeling; grid division; geostatistics; spatial interpolation

Online: 20 January 2021 (16:19:34 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202010.0298.v2

Cosmic Ray Extremely Distributed Observatory

Piotr Homola, Dmitriy Beznosko, Gopal Bhatta, Łukasz Bibrzycki, Łukasz Bratek, Michalina Borczyńska, Nikolay M. Budnev, Dariusz Burakowski, David Edwin Alvarez-Castillo, Kevin Almeida Cheminant, Aleksander Ćwikła, Punsiri Dam-o, Niraj Dhital, Alan Duffy, Piotr Głownia, Krzysztof Gorzkiewicz, Dariusz Góra, Alok C. Gupta, Zuzana Hlávková, Martin Homola, Joanna Jałocha, Robert Kamiński, Michał Karbowiak, Marcin Kasztelan, Renata Kierepko, Marek Knap, Péter Kovács, Szymon Kuliński, Bartosz Łozowski, Marek Magryś, Mikhail V. Medvedev, Justyna Mędrala, Jerzy W. Mietelski, Justyna Miszczyk, Alona Mozgova, Antonio Napolitano, Vahab Nazari, Y. Jack Ng, Michał Niedźwiecki, Cristina Oancea, Bogusław Ogan, Gabriela Opiła, Krzysztof Oziomek, Maciej Pawlik, Marcin Piekarczyk, Bożena Poncyljusz, Jerzy Pryga, Matías Rosas, Krzysztof Rzecki, Jilberto Zamora-Saa, Katarzyna Smelcerz, Karel Smolek, Weronika Stanek, Jarosław Stasielak, Slawomir Stuglik, Jolanta Sulma, Oleksandr Sushchov, Manana Svanidze, Kyle Tam, Arman Tursunov, José-M. Vaquero, Tadeusz Wibig, Krzysztof W. Woźniak

Subject: Physical Sciences, Nuclear And High Energy Physics Keywords: cosmic rays; cosmic ray ensembles; extensive air showers; large scale cosmic ray correlations; CREDO Collaboration

Online: 15 October 2020 (16:13:43 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201610.0055.v1

Numerical Simulation of Hypervelocity Impact FEM-SPH Algorithm Based on Large Deformation of Material

Aimin Yang, Jinze Li, Hengheng Qu, Yuhang Pan, Yanhong Kang, Yuzhu Zhang

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Analysis Keywords: finite element method; smoothed particle method; fem-sph algorithm; large deformation; super high speed collision

Online: 14 October 2016 (11:05:45 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202009.0418.v1

Scale-up of Physics-based Models for Predicting Degradation of Large Lithium Ion Batteries

Hong-Keun Kim, Kyu-Jin Lee

Subject: Engineering, Automotive Engineering Keywords: large sized lithium-ion battery; physic-based model; life prediction; scale-up model; reduced order cell model; electric vehicles

Online: 18 September 2020 (04:29:49 CEST)

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Working Paper ARTICLE

Our Peculiar Motion Inferred from Number Counts of Mid Infra Red AGNs and the Discordance Seen with the Cosmological Principle

Ashok K. Singal

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: active galactic nuclei surveys; cosmic background radiation; large-scale structure of universe; solar system peculiar motion; cosmological principle

Online: 22 March 2021 (11:58:59 CET)

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According to the Cosmological Principle the Universe is isotropic and no preferred direction would be seen by an observer that might be stationary with respect to the expanding cosmic fluid. However, because of observer’s partaking in the solar system peculiar motion, there would appear in some of the observed properties of the Cosmos a dipole anisotropy, which could in turn be exploited to determine the peculiar motion of the solar system. The dipole anisotropy in the Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation (CMBR) has given a peculiar velocity vector 370 km s−1 along l=264∘,b=48∘. However, some other dipoles, for instance, from the number counts, sky brightness or redshift distributions in large samples of distant Active Galactic Nuclei (AGNs), have yielded values of the peculiar velocity many times larger than that from the CMBR, though surprisingly, in all cases the directions agreed with the CMBR dipole. Here we determine our peculiar motion from a sample of 0.28 million AGNs, selected from the Mid Infra Red Active Galactic Nuclei (MIRAGN) sample comprising more than a million sources. From this, we find a peculiar velocity, which is more than four times the CMBR value, although the direction seems to be within ∼2σ of the CMBR dipole. A genuine value of the solar peculiar velocity should be the same irrespective of the data or the technique employed to estimate it. Therefore, such discordant dipole amplitudes, might mean that the explanation for these dipoles, including that of the CMBR, might in fact be something else. But, the observed fact that the direction in all cases, is the same, though obtained from completely independent surveys using different instruments and techniques, by different sets of people employing different computing routines, might nonetheless indicate that these dipoles are not merely due to some systematics, otherwise why would they all be pointing along the same direction. It might instead suggest a preferred direction in the Universe, implying a genuine anisotropy, which would violate the Cosmological Principle, the core of the modern cosmology.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0629.v1

Multiscale Hydro-Meteorological Factors Variations and Its Links to Large-Scale Atmospheric Circulation Systems in the Source Region of Yangtze River

Jian Tang, Hui-Qun Cao

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Science And Meteorology Keywords: hydro-meteorological factors; large-scale atmospheric circulation systems; South Asia monsoon; streamflows; source region of the Yangtze River

Online: 26 October 2018 (11:52:13 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1230.v1

Wafer-Scale Characterization of 1692-Pixel-Per-Inch Blue Micro-LED Arrays with an Optimized ITO Layer

Eun-Kyung Chu, Eun Jeong Youn, Hyun Woong Kim, Bum Doo Park, Ho Kun Sung, Hyeong-Ho Park

Subject: Chemistry And Materials Science, Materials Science And Technology Keywords: micro-light-emitting diode; indium tin oxide; wafer-scale characterization; high pixel per inch

Online: 20 March 2024 (13:17:30 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201806.0062.v1

Optimization of Planting Structure for Irrigation Area with Biannual Cropping Patterns in Xinjiang Oasis in China

Bing Liu, Zhenhua Wang

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: optimization of planting structure; biannual cropping pattern; arid oasis irrigation area; moderate scale; benefit of unilateral water use

Online: 5 June 2018 (11:08:42 CEST)

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Light and heat resources are ample in Xinjiang plain oasis region. Planting structure is single in irrigation area, which leads to severe seasonal water shortages due to high concentration of water utilization. Therefore, how to make full use of light and heat resources to develop oasis agriculture without expanding planting scale has become the focus of research. The biannual cropping patterns are possible solutions to the problem. Manas River Irrigation area, which is located on the northern slope of Tianshan Mountain in Xinjiang in China is regarded as a typical case study to analyze the suitable planting structure and planting scale for biannual cropping pattern. The effects of optimizing planting patterns on alleviating the contradiction between water supply and water need，and the efficiency of water resources utilization was also studied. The results of the study show that：(1) the suitable planting scales of Manas River irrigation area in wet year (P = 25%), normal year (P = 50%), and low flow year (P = 75%) are about 72.66%, 78.73% and 83.91% of the current planting scale. (2) After the planting structure was optimized, the water use process in the irrigation area extends from May to August at present to April to November. The water use ratio at the peak period of water use decreased from 0.847 to 0.601, and the water use peak was significantly dispersed. (3) Economic benefits per cubic metre of water of the biannual cropping patterns increased from 8.65 yuan·m⁻³ at present to 9.45 yuan·m⁻³, 10.31 yuan·m⁻³and 11.43 yuan·m⁻³in wet year (P = 25%), in normal year (P = 50%) and low flow year (P = 75%) respectively, which proved that replanting crops could improve the efficiency of water resources utilization in irrigated areas. Therefore, the optimal planting pattern can be implemented to improve the utilization efficiency of soil and water resources in irrigation area in the arid oasis with single planting pattern with excessive concentration of water use peak and serious water shortage.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1640.v1

Fermentative utilization of glycerol by E. coli and its implications in biodiesel industry

Ociel Cofre Carvajal, Jose Manuel Gomez Montes de Oca, Domingo Cantero Moreno

Subject: Engineering, Chemical Engineering Keywords: Glycerol; Pilot scale; olive pomace oil; Fed-batch culture; Escherichia coli MG1655; Ethanol

Online: 28 February 2024 (17:02:18 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.0642.v1

PointBLIP: Zero-Training Point Cloud Classification Network Based on BLIP-2 Model

Yunzhe Xiao, Yong Dou, Shaowu Yang

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Computer Vision And Graphics Keywords: point cloud classification; zero-training; large-scale vision-and-language model; zero-shot classification; few-shot classification

Online: 8 January 2024 (17:03:40 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202302.0412.v1

An Adaptive Layered Clustering Framework with Improved Genetic Algorithm for Solving Large-Scale Traveling Salesman Problems

Hai-yang Xu, Heng-You Lan

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Information Systems Keywords: Computational complexity analysis; High parallelizability; Improved genetic algorithm; Adaptive layered clustering framework; Large-scale traveling salesman problem

Online: 24 February 2023 (01:20:06 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0814.v1

Inflammation Indexes PLR, SII, AISI, MLR, NLPR and MCVL in Peripartum Treated Thrombophilia Patients Undergoing Cesarean Section at Term-STROBE Compliant

Catalina Filip, Roxana Covali, Demetra Socolov, Ingrid Andrada Vasilache, Alexandru Carauleanu, Mona Akad, Ioana Sadyie Scripcariu, Tudor Butureanu, Gabriela Dumachita-Sargu, Lucian Vasile Boiculese, Alina Melinte, Razvan Socolov

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Obstetrics And Gynaecology Keywords: thrombophilia; pregnancy; postpartum uterine ultrasonographic scale; SII; AISI; MLR; PLR; MCVL; NLPR; Rh factor

Online: 14 March 2024 (11:12:44 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1419.v1

Gaining Insight Into Teenagers' Experiences of Pain After Laparoscopic Surgeries; A Prospective Study

Mihaela Visoiu, Jacques E. Chelly, Senthilkumar Sadhasivam

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Anesthesiology And Pain Medicine Keywords: Teenager Postoperative Pain; Visual Analog Pain Scale; Pain Behaviour; Pain Catastrophizing Thoughts; Anxiety; Mood; Laparoscopic Surgeries

Online: 26 February 2024 (11:41:46 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1883.v1

Chatbot Design and Implementation: Towards an Operational Model for Chatbots

Alexander Skuridin, Martin Wynn

Subject: Business, Economics And Management, Business And Management Keywords: chatbots; digital transformation; customer service; TOE framework; artificial intelligence; machine learning; project management; agile; minimum viable product; large language models

Online: 31 March 2024 (11:44:41 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201703.0152.v1

Face Verification with Multi-Task and Multi-Scale Features Fusion

Xiaojun Lu, Yue Yang, Weilin Zhang, Qi Wang, Yang Wang

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Information Systems Keywords: deep convolutional neural networks; identification; semi-verification; multi-scale features; face verification

Online: 20 March 2017 (09:06:18 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1057.v1

Application of Cage Clamps in Rebar Cages to Enhance Stability and Safety: Experimental and Analytical Investigations

Masood Vahedi, Hamed Ebrahimian, Ahmad Itani

Subject: Engineering, Civil Engineering Keywords: Rebar cage; Full-scale testing; Cage Clamp connector; Mechanical Connector; Finite Element Modeling; Nonlinear analysis; Digital image correlation

Online: 20 February 2024 (06:00:11 CET)

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Rebar cages form the skeletal framework of reinforced concrete structural members. They comprise longitudinal and transverse reinforcing bars, usually connected by tie wires. Past studies have identified tie-wire connections as the "weak links" in large, prefabricated rebar cages, leading to their failure during site handling and construction stages. Recent research has explored the use of mechanical U-bolt connectors to bolster stability and safety of rebar cages while reducing their vulnerability and risk of failure. This paper presents a comprehensive experimental and numerical investigation of a new type of mechanical connector, referred to as "Cage Clamp", to enhance rebar cage stability and safety. Component-level experimental tests are conducted to determine the force-displacement response of Cage Clamp connectors for crossbar connections in different degrees of freedom. The results highlight the remarkable strength and stiffness of Cage Clamp connectors, significantly outperforming traditional tie-wire connections. Furthermore, full-scale experimental tests are performed on a circular underground pile-shaft rebar cage with Cage Clamp connectors to assess its behavior under various site handling conditions. The data obtained from these experiments are used to construct and refine detailed 3D finite element models of the rebar cages, capable of capturing the complex behavior of rebar cages with Cage Clamp connectors. Using the numerical model, a sensitivity analysis is performed to assess the effect of the number of Cage Clamps on the deflection and stability of the rebar cage. The findings show that using cage clamps to connect pick-up rebar with lateral reinforcement at every 8 to 10 feet is sufficient to ensure the stability of the cage during typical site handling conditions. The results of this study serve as a basis for establishing analysis, design, fabrication, and handling guidelines for rebar cages, contributing to safe and efficient construction practices.

Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1013.v2

Computational Pharmaceutics: A Comprehensive Review of Past Achievements, Present Applications, and Future Challenges

Yogesh Chaudhari, Manisha Chaudhari, Abhijeet Puri, Mahesh Nemade

Subject: Pharmacy, Medicine And Pharmacology Keywords: computational pharmaceutics; AI; multi-scale modeling; quantum computing; drug discovery; blockchain frameworks

Online: 19 April 2024 (08:01:11 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202305.0467.v1

Multi-Stream Graph-based Deep Neural Networks for Skeleton-based Sign Language Recognition

Abu Saleh Musa Miah, Md. Al Mehedi Hasan, Si-Woong Jang, Hyoun-Sup Lee, Jungpil Shin

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Keywords: Sign Language Recognition (SLR); Large Scale Dataset; American Sign Language; Turkey Sign Language; Chinese Sign Language; AUTSL; CSL

Online: 8 May 2023 (08:24:04 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.1129.v1

Impacts of a Moderate-Sized Earthquake: The 2023 Magnitude (Mw) 4.7 Leyte, Leyte Earthquake, Philippines

Jeffrey S. Perez, Deo Carlo E. Llamas, Daniel Jose L. Buhay, Ryan Christian Constantino, Crystel Jade M. Legaspi, Kristine Dionne B. Lagunsad, Rhommel N. Grutas, Marc Marion Y. Quimson

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Space And Planetary Science Keywords: Philippine fault – Leyte segment; PHIVOLCS Earthquake Intensity Scale (PEIS); surface rupture; liquefaction, landslide, site amplification; disaster risk reduction

Online: 21 February 2024 (03:49:00 CET)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0439.v1

Comparative Review of the Current and Future Strategies to Evaluate Bone Marrow Infiltration at Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Diagnosis

Fernando Martin-Moro, Javier Lopez-Jimenez, Jose Antonio Garcia-Marco, Jose Antonio Garcia-Vela

Subject: Medicine And Pharmacology, Hematology Keywords: Bone marrow; Large B cell lymphoma; Lymphoma; Histology; Flow cytometry; PET

Online: 7 March 2024 (13:08:22 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202401.0546.v2

Trans-eQTLs Can Be Used to Identify Tissue-Specific Gene Regulatory Networks

Majid Nikpay

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: trans-eQTLs; tissue specificity; gene regulatory network; scale-free network

Online: 8 April 2024 (15:09:22 CEST)

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Preprint REVIEW | doi:10.20944/preprints201702.0002.v1

Tests and Problems of the Standard Model in Cosmology

Martin Lopez-Corredoira

Subject: Physical Sciences, Astronomy And Astrophysics Keywords: Cosmology; Observational cosmology; Origin, formation, and abundances of the elements; dark matter; dark energy; superclusters; large-scale structure of the Universe

Online: 1 February 2017 (16:06:52 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201702.0059.v1

Fusing Observational, Satellite Remote Sensing and Air Quality Model Simulated Data to Estimate Spatiotemporal Variations of PM2.5 Exposure in China

Tao Xue, Yixuan Zheng, Guannan Geng, Bo Zheng, Xujia Jiang, Qiang Zhang, Kebin He

Subject: Environmental And Earth Sciences, Environmental Science Keywords: fine particulate matter (PM2.5); aerosol optical depth; community multi-scale air quality (CMAQ) model; data fusion; exposure assessment

Online: 16 February 2017 (08:58:09 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.1768.v1

Pilot Testing of Useful Tools Validity for Frailty Assessment in Greece: Translated PRISMA-7 Tool, Modified Fried Criteria and Clinical Frailty Scale

George Soulis, Efstathia Kyriakopoulou, Aristea Leventouri, Eleni Zigkiri, Vasiliki Efthymiou, Zikos Kentros, Anastasia Koutsouri

Subject: Public Health And Healthcare, Primary Health Care Keywords: Frailty; Greek Translation of PRISMA-7; Modified Fried criteria; Greek version of Clinical Frailty Scale

Online: 28 March 2024 (12:12:26 CET)

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The importance of frailty in older people is getting constant recognition as an important aspect both in terms of public health, as well in personal level for the appropriate management of an older person health condition. This is reflected by the continuously increasing number of research studies carried out in several settings across different countries. Sometimes this is very solid, but in other cases there is a considerable gap in terms of accurate and well grounded documentation of frailty status. This is the case in Greece, where we are missing clinically validated tools to approach frailty. We are missing frailty screening tools, such as for instance PRISMA 7, the gold standard tool of Fried criteria is somehow problematic since the question referring to physical activity originates from a questionnaire that has not been translated and validated, while Clinical Frailty Scale has been validated for the translation but not for the capacity to detect frailty. Aim of this study is to validate these tools for their accuracy to detect frailty by using a measurable index of frailty, previously proposed for use in clinical studies: the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB). 74 male and female participants have been evaluated for their frailty status using different tools. We observed that PRISMA 7 translation detects frailty only when one question is removed at a cut-off of ≥ 2 and indicated a sensitivity of 88.1%, and specificity of 99.9% with a good correlation with SPPB measurements (r = 0.858; p < 0.001). When CFS was validated using SPPB it demonstrated a very good correlation (r = -0.838; p < 0.001 respectively) as it was the case for the modified Fried Criteria (r = -0.725; p < 0.001). All items demonstrated a good correlation between them. We can here propose that we can accurately assess frailty status in the community setting by using a modified version of Fried criteria, Clinical Frailty Scale translation in Greek and we can screen for frailty by using the Greek translation of PRISMA 7 only after removing the item 6 of the questionnaire.

Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201611.0052.v1

Feature Extraction of Ship Radiated Noise Based on Permutation Entropy of the Intrinsic Mode Function with the Highest Energy

Yu-Xing Li, Ya-An Li, Zhe Chen, Xiao Chen

Subject: Physical Sciences, Acoustics Keywords: empirical mode decomposition; intrinsic mode function; permutation entropy; multi-scale permutation entropy; feature extraction

Online: 9 November 2016 (10:24:35 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202110.0457.v1

Generic Framework for the Optimal Implementation of Flexibility Mechanisms in Large-Scale Smart Grids

Alejandro J. del Real, Andrés Pastor, Jaime Durán

Subject: Engineering, Control And Systems Engineering Keywords: large-scale systems; aggregated constraints; aggregated terms; flexibility mechanisms; control algorithm; Model Predictive Control; Centralised MPC; Decentralised MPC; state-space model

Online: 29 October 2021 (14:33:50 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0844.v1

Web Application for Retrieval-Augmented Generation: Implementation and Testing

Irina Radeva, Ivan Popchev, Lyubka Doukovska, Miroslava Dimitrova

Subject: Computer Science And Mathematics, Software Keywords: Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG); open-source large language models (LLMs); 30 Antelope blockchain; IPFS; Ollama; LangChain; smart agriculture

Online: 15 March 2024 (14:38:51 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0972.v1

Thermodynamical Metrics in General Relativity Theory

Espen Haug

Subject: Physical Sciences, Theoretical Physics Keywords: Thermodynamics, metrics, General relativity, Hawking temperature, CMB temperature, Planck scale, black holes.

Online: 18 March 2024 (10:34:13 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202403.0136.v1

Integrating Genome-Scale Metabolic Models with Patient Plasma Metabolome to Study Endothelial Metabolism In Situ

Fernando Silva-Lance, Isabel Montejano-Montelongo, Eric Bautista, Lars K. Nielsen, Pär I. Johansson, Igor Marin de Mas

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Biochemistry And Molecular Biology Keywords: Metabolic Network Analysis; Genome-Scale Metabolic Models; Exo-Metabolomics Integration; Sampling Algorithms; Endothelial Cell Metabolism

Online: 4 March 2024 (14:02:11 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202306.0222.v1

Film Boiling Around a Finite Size Cylindrical Apecimen - A Transient Conjugate Heat Transfer Approach

Alen Cukrov, Yohei Sato, Ivanka Boras, Bojan Ničeno

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: low Biot number material; conjugate heat transfer; film boiling; large-scale domain; turbulent flow; Kelvin-Helmholtz instability; frozen turbulence approach

Online: 2 June 2023 (16:40:35 CEST)

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The DNS of film boiling requires strong computational resources that are difficult to obtain for a daily CFD use by the practitioners of the industrial R&D experts. On the other hand, the film boiling experiments are associated with the usage of the expensive and highly sophisticated apparatus, and the research to this end is found to be relatively difficult due to high heat flow rates that are present in the process itself. When combined with a transient heat conduction in a solid, the problem becomes significantly difficult. Therefore, a novel method in computation of conjugate heat transfer during film boiling in a quiescent liquid has been proposed in this paper. The method relies on the solution of mass, momentum and energy conservation equations in a two-fluid framework, supplemented with the appropriate closures. Furthermore, the turbulent flow has been found as an important parameter in obtaining the accurate solution of the temperature field evolution in a solid specimen, via the proper modeling of turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) value, that has been imposed as a constant value, i.e., the frozen turbulence approach. It was found, in addition, that the appropriate TKE value can be obtained by use of Kelvin-Helmholtz instability theory in conjunction with the boundary layer theory. The obtained results show excellent agreement with the experimental data within the first 15 s of the experiment, i.e., the first ca. 10 % of the total duration of the film boiling mode of heat transfer. Furthermore, the heat transfer coefficient has matched the error bands prescribed by the authors of the paper that has presented the correlations, whilst the averaged values are far beyond this band, i.e., are slightly more than 30 % higher. The further inspection has revealed a measure of similarity between the computational result of the volume fraction field distribution and the experiment, thus confirming the capability of the method to obtain realistic interface evolution in time. The method has shown full capability for further pursuing the industrial-scale film boiling problems that involve turbulent flow and the conjugate heat transfer approach.

Working Paper REVIEW

Ten Golden Rules for Reforestation to Optimise Carbon Sequestration, Biodiversity Recovery and Livelihood Benefits

Alice Di Sacco, Kate Hardwick, David Blakesley, Pedro H. S. Brancalion, Elinor Breman, Loic Cecilio Rebola, Susan Chomba, Kingsley Dixon, Stephen Elliott, Godfrey Ruyonga, Kirsty Shaw, Paul Smith, Rhian J. Smith, Alexandre Antonelli

Subject: Biology And Life Sciences, Forestry Keywords: Afforestation; Climate change mitigation; Ecological Restoration; Forest landscape restoration; Large-scale tree planting; Natural regeneration; Nature-based solutions; Stakeholders participation

Online: 5 September 2020 (08:01:43 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201811.0534.v1

Saint Venant and Navier-Stokes Models for Tsunami Simulations

Camille Journeau, Kévin Pons, Richard Marcer

Subject: Engineering, Marine Engineering Keywords: tsunami; CFD; Saint Venant (SV) model; Adaptive Mesh Refinement (AMR); large scale propagation; 3D Navier-Stokes (NS) model; coastal impact

Online: 22 November 2018 (04:43:54 CET)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints201709.0092.v1

Principal Mismatch Patterns across a Simplified Highly Renewable European Electricity Network

Mads Raunbak, Timo Zeyer, Kun Zhu, Martin Greiner

Subject: Engineering, Energy And Fuel Technology Keywords: renewable energy networks; principal component analysis; large-scale integration of renewables; wind power; solar power; super grid; energy system design

Online: 20 September 2017 (04:44:36 CEST)

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Preprint ARTICLE | doi:10.20944/preprints202402.0761.v1

Enhancing the Efficiency of Rotary Thermal Propulsion Systems

Xuankun Shen, Aaron W. Costall

Subject: Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Keywords: wankel rotary engines; thermal efficiency; large-eddy simulation; pre-chamber jet ignition; two-stage rotary engine

Online: 15 February 2024 (03:43:17 CET)

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