Wounds are structural and functional disruptions of the skin that occur because of an accident. Chronic wounds are caused by a breakdown in the finely coordinated cascade of events that occurs during wound healing. Wound healing is a long process that split into at least three continuous and overlapping processes: an inflammatory response, a proliferative phase that leads to tissue repair, and third one is tissue remodeling. Therefore, wound healing studies are extensively studied to develop techniques that can achieve maximum recovery with minimum scar. Several growth hormones and cytokines secreted at the wound site tightly regulate wound healing processes. The traditional approach for wound management has been represented by topical treatments. Metal nanoparticles (e.g., silver, gold, zinc) are increasingly being employed in dermatology due to their favorable effects on wound healing, as well as in treating and preventing bacterial infections. The development of wound dressings materials has now been used to overcome the issues of external environments. The impregnated nanomaterials have provided moist environment that removes the exudates and avoid maceration. This review highlights the mechanism and focus on the current advancement of various nanoparticles impregnation material for wound healing process that can protect wound from infection and maintain the optimum exchange of gases.

Photobiomodulation (PBM) is a procedure that uses light to modulate cellular functions and bio-logical processes. Over the past decades, PBM has gained considerable attention for its potential in various medical applications due to its non-invasive nature and minimal side effects. This narrative review article examines the existing literature on PBM, encompassing research studies, clinical trials, and technological developments. This review highlights the mechanisms of action underlying PBM, including the interaction with cellular chromophores and the activation of in-tracellular signaling pathways. The evidence from clinical trials and experimental studies to evaluate the efficacy of PBM in clinical practice is summarized with a special emphasis on der-matology. Furthermore, advancements in PBM technology, such as novel light sources and treat-ment protocols, are discussed in the context of optimizing therapeutic outcomes and improving patient care. This narrative review underscores the promising role of PBM as a non-invasive therapeutic approach with broad clinical applicability. Despite the need for further research to develop standard protocols, PBM holds great potential for addressing a wide range of medical conditions and enhancing patient outcomes in modern healthcare practice.

Background: The different disease forms of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) are influenced by parasite and host factors. Malnutrition impairs immunity. It has been found to disrupt immune protection by favoring the production of anti-inflammatory prostaglandins over pro-inflammatory cytokines. In Ethiopia, data on CL patients’ nutritional status remains scarce. This study aims to assess clinical polymorphism and its association with the nutritional status of the patient. Methods: A retrospective study conducted from June to July 2024, and patient’s data was analyzed from those treated for CL. Nutritional status was assessed through MUAC, Z-score, and BMI. Results: A total of 217 CL patient’s statuses were nutritionally defined and 22% of them were found malnourished. Most of the CL problems concentrate on age <18 years and found mainly affected groups than others 23 (27%). Malnutrition explained more in MCL (30%) and Repeat/recurrent patients (38.5%) than in LCL (20%) and new CL cases (21%) respectively. In Early disease onset, the malnutrition level was higher than in later times (29%) versus (17%). Conclusions: The burden of Malnutrition is high in CL patients and might modify the clinical variability like CL forms, treatment response, and polymorphism of the disease.

Dermatological consultations are a significant aspect of daily operations at small animal clinics, with atopic dermatitis (CAD) affecting almost 15% of the canine population. The ECS role in the skin reveals its direct action on homeostasis and deregulation, contributing to dermatopathies. It also details its presence in specialized skin cells, revealing a delicate and complex therapeutic potential. Due to the difficulties and the growing scientific evidence of the therapeutic benefits of cannabis, this work aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of cannabis oil in treating CAD. Thus, canines diagnosed with CAD were divided into two groups: the group treated using full spectrum high cannabidiol (CBD) [cannabis oil orally] and the control group (olive oil). The evaluation methods for the effectiveness of the therapy were based on the measurement RNAm of interleukins 6, 10, and 31 and oxidative stress in the blood. Despite the theoretical basis, no significant results were obtained between the groups in this work. Thus, it is concluded that oral administration of full spectrum high CBD cannabis oil 2,5 mg/kg twice a day is not efficient in reducing IL and oxidative stress compared to placebo; nevertheless, it still presents a promising approach in the multi-target treatment of CAD.

Acne Vulgaris is a multifactorial skin disorder affecting many adolescents involving a complex array of factors. Previous extensive research has delved into the correlation between acne outbreaks and specific diet consumption, and while there have been a variety of treatment indications for decreasing acne in patients, many do not involve the significant impact a holistic approach can take. This case reports on the relationship between cystic acne and dietary habits, presenting a possible treatment approach for acne vulgaris by eliminating dairy consumption.

Introduction: Wound healing is a complex cascade involving the orchestration of inflammatory cells, skin fibroblasts, keratinocytes, and endothelial cells. These cells achieve tissue repair through an interchange of cytokines and growth factors through a controlled inflammation, angiogenesis, and remodeling process. Disruptions in the wound-healing process by comorbid conditions lead to significant morbidity and mortality. Stem cell therapy has emerged as a new strategy to facilitate the wound healing process. Stem cells harvested from different sources can be used for wound repair and regeneration (endothelial progenitor cells, bone marrow, adipose tissue, dermal and inducible pluripotent stem cells). We aimed to review clinical, translational, and primary literature on stem cell therapies in chronic wounds and summarize practical clinical applications to dermatological care. Materials and Methods: A comprehensive search of Pubmed, Embase, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Library was conducted for studies relating to stem cells and wound healing. Duplicate results were removed using Covidence. Titles and abstracts were screened by two independent researchers (BF and KR), with discrepancies resolved through discussion and mutual agreement. Articles were excluded if they were review-type or commentary-type articles. Results: A total of 22,454 articles were retrieved from the search. Deduplication removed 905, and automation removed an additional 18,363 articles. After an initial screening of titles and abstracts, 170 articles remained. Full-text screening resulted in an additional 126 articles being removed, leaving 44 included studies. Discussion: Stem cells used for wound repair and regeneration include endothelial progenitor stem cells and adult stem cells, in the forms of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells, adipose tissue stem cells, and inducible pluripotent stem cells. Among these sources, adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs) are ideally used due to the abundant supply of fat tissue, ease of isolation, extensive proliferative capacities ex vivo, and their ability to secrete pro-angiogenic factors. AD-MSCs have been used to enhance wound healing in peripheral arterial disease, diabetic wounds, hypertensive ulcers, bullous diabeticorum, venous ulcers, and postsurgical wounds after Mohs micrographic surgery. These cells have been delivered to the tissue topically, with scaffolds, combined with plasma-rich proteins, and through atelocollagen in various human studies. These approaches, when combined with local wound care practices, resulted in decreased pain, shorter wound healing times, and better cosmesis. Conclusions: Stem cell transplantation is a potential therapeutic approach in the wound healing process. Transplanted stem cells do not only differentiate into multiple skin cell types but also provide cytokine and growth factors required for wound healing resulting in increased angiogenesis. Thus, this approach may be regarded as an attractive option for intractable wounds that cause major clinical problems, especially chronic lower leg wounds. It can also be used after Mohs micrographic surgery for defects left to heal by secondary intention. Stem cell application may reduce the overall cost burden on the healthcare system and improve the quality of life for patients.

Introduction: This study explores the stabilization and efficacy enhancement of Vitamin C in dermocosmetic formulations through its association with Poly-L-lysine dendrimers. Vitamin C, critical for collagen synthesis and skin hydration, faces challenges due to its instability and low bioavailability. The research aims to evaluate the liposolubility of Vitamin C in the presence of Poly-L-lysine vectors, assess its stability in both aqueous and emulsion media, and determine the moisturizing efficacy of second-generation Poly-L-lysine (diameter: 4.5 nm, PM: 8.6 kDa) and third-generation Poly-L-lysine (diameter: 7 nm, PM: 22 kDa). Methods : Methods included high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for concentration analysis, partition coefficient determination, and stability assessments under various conditions. Hydration potential and kinetics were evaluated on 11 volunteers using a corneometer. Results: The liposolubility of Vitamin C increased by over 300% with Poly-L-lysine, enhancing its stability. Emulsion stability tests confirmed that formulations with Poly-L-lysine maintained their physical and chemical properties under stress conditions. Physiological tests showed significant improvements in skin hydration with the Poly-L-lysine/Vitamin C formulations, achieving 66.2% hydration increase at T3h for third-generation dendrimers. Conclusion In conclusion, Poly-L-lysine vectors significantly enhance the stability and moisturizing efficacy of Vitamin C in dermocosmetic formulations. These findings suggest that Poly-L-lysine can mitigate Vitamin C's instability and improve its dermocosmetic benefits, offering a promising approach for advanced skincare solutions.

Xanthone derivatives, a class of natural compounds abundantly found in plants such as mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana) and certain herbs, have garnered substantial interest due to their diverse pharmacological properties, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer activities. Recent investigations have unveiled their potential as modulators of enzymatic activity, prompting exploration into their effects on hyaluronidase-mediated HA degradation, and their effects in topical treatment of telangiectasia and rosacea. Telangiectasia and rosacea are common dermatological conditions characterized by chronic skin inflammation, vascular abnormalities, and visible blood vessels, resulting in significant cosmetic concerns and impaired quality of life for affected individuals. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current understanding regarding the interplay between mechanisms of action by which xanthone derivatives exert their therapeutic effects, including the inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines, modulation of oxidative stress pathways, and regulation of vascular endothelial growth factors. Furthermore, we will discuss the implications of harnessing xanthone derivatives as therapeutic agents for mitigating vascular dysfunction and its associated pathologies, thereby offering insights into future research directions and therapeutic strategies in the field of vascular biology.

The exploration and identification of targets and pathways for Atopic dermatitis (AD) treatment and diagnosis are critical for AD control. The conventional target exploration approach such as the literature review is not satisfying in terms of efficiency and accuracy. Recently, the bioinformatic approach is drawing attention for its unique advantage of high-volume data analysis for target and pathway exploration; Open Targets Platform is the targets source for this study to extract top 200 high-rank proteins from 3122 AD associated proteins. STRING, Cytoscape, CytoHubba, ClueGo, and CluePedia function had been applied for data analysis. The KEGG Mapper search & colour pathway was the pathway map resource for identified pathways; 23 key hub genes (VDR, KIT, BCL2L11, NFKBIA, KRAS, IL13, JAK2, STAT3, IL21, IL4R, REL, PDGFRB, FOXP3, RARA, RELB, EGFR, IL21R, MYC, CREBBP, NR3C1, IL2, JAK1, and KITLG). Additionally, 8 correlated pathways and the biological process had been identified; Through this study, a viable approach for target and pathway exploration had been presented. The identified AD targets and pathways will be tested for upcoming research for traditional Chinese medicinal herb interactions

Background: Atopic dermatitis is a chronic condition that significantly affects the daily life of those who suffer from it, requiring complex and personalized management with active participation of the patient in the management of their disease. Objective: to describe the design and development process of a mobile application, using the Design Thinking method, for the follow-up of patients with atopic dermatitis. Methods: User-centered design and prototype creation method, differentiating the phases of the empathize, define, idea, prototype, and test. A purposive snowball sampling was used to recruit patients with atopic dermatitis, family members, and health professionals. Three two-hour workshops were held, attended by 25 people. Results: the parameters to be monitored will include objective data (physical, behavioral, treatments, environmental, integration of daily routines) and subjective data (user experience). On the other hand, it will figure out behavior patterns, set up rewards, foster a feeling of community, and use notifications and a chatbot. Conclusion: The active integration of all stakeholders at each stage of the design and development of the digital solution has improved its relevance and acceptance, resulting in a tool that is expected to significantly improve the management of atopic dermatitis.

Hydrogels have gained significant attention as vehicles for transdermal delivery systems. These polymeric-structured substances have been implemented in pharmaceutical and cosmetic applications. Many factors are employed in their preparation. Light, pH, temperature and specific molecules ligands are commonly used in the production of hydrogels. The Transdermal delivery system (TDD) is a widely used route, used to deliver actives/drugs via the skin. Hydrogels as a TDD have been shown to be efficient in enhancing the efficacy in delivering the actives and drugs. The aim of this review is to discuss the hydrogels application in both dermatological therapeutic and cosmetic applications, covering the types, and properties of hydrogel polymer networks. Furthermore, this review presents one of the most extensively used polymers (Hyaluronic acid HA) in this field and discusses the properties, preparation methods and applications of HA hydrogel patches as a delivery system, including methods of loading the actives and the releasing of these actives from them.

(1) Background: This manuscript introduces the "Lines and Dots" (LAD) technique, a novel method for administering Botulinum Toxin Type A (BoNT-A) in treating horizontal forehead lines. This technique emphasizes precision in targeting nerve endplates, considering individual anatomical variations, and optimizing treatment efficacy. (2) Methods: The LAD technique focus on using the frontalis muscle contraction dynamics to identify the specific distribution of the supraorbital and supratrochlear nerves It involves creating a grid of predetermined lines and points on the forehead that align with nerve paths and motor endplate zones. (3) Results: By targeting injections along these precise lines and points, the LAD technique ensures more effective utilization of BoNT-A. This approach not only enhances the toxin's effect but also allows for a reduction in the overall dosage. The strategic placement of injections results in a more natural, symmetrical, and sustained therapeutic effect, ensuring an improved aesthetic outcome. (4) Conclusions: The LAD technique represents a significant advancement in the realm of cosmetic injectables. It offers a tailored, patient-specific approach, maximizing the effectiveness of BoNT-A injections for treating forehead lines while minimizing risks and enhancing patient satisfaction. This method underscores the importance of a deep anatomical understanding and precision in cosmetic procedures.

Despite being under development for decades, RNA therapeutics have only recently emerged as viable platform technologies. The COVID-19 mRNA vaccines have demonstrated the promise and power of the platform technology. In response, novel RNA drugs are entering clinical trials at an accelerating rate. As the skin is the largest and most accessible organ, it has always been a preferred target for drug discovery. This holds true for RNA therapies as well, and multiple candidate RNA-based drugs are currently in development for an array of skin conditions. In this mini review, we catalog the RNA therapies currently in clinical trials for different dermatological diseases. We summarize the main types of RNA-related drugs and use examples of drugs currently in development to illustrate their key mechanism of action.

In this perspective, we identify emerging frontiers in clinical and basic research of melanocyte biology and its associated biomedical disciplines. We describe challenges and opportunities in clinical and basic research of normal and diseased melanocytes that impact current approaches to research in melanoma and the dermatological sciences. We focus on four themes: (1) clinical melanoma research, (2) basic melanoma research, (3) clinical dermatology, and (4) basic pigment cell research, with the goal of outlining current highlights, challenges, and frontiers associated with pigmentation and melanocyte biology.