The new genus and the new edaphic species, Prokletijella montana gen. n., sp. n., from the Prokletije mountains in Montenegro is described and illustrated. This is the first genus in Leptodirini with an asymmetric median lobe of the aedeagus. The phylogenetic relationship with the genus Adelopsella Jeannel, 1908 is discussed. The genus Adelopsella is redescribed to be accurately compared with Prokletijella. The occurrence of asymmetric genitalia in Leptodirini is discussed in relation with the occurrence of such asymmetry in males and females in other tribes of Cholevinae. The geographic distribution of the two genera is discussed in connexion with their phylogenetic relationship and mapped. The synonymy of the two subspecies A. bosnica bosnica and A. bosnica jezerensis Jeannel, 1911 is confirmed.

The genus Aphanommata in the Old World is reviewed. Aphanommata kuscheli sp. nov. from São Nicolau and A. strakai sp. nov. from Fogo (both Cape Verde islands) are described. Aphanommata euphorbiarum (Wollaston, 1867) from Santo Antão in the Cape Verde islands is redescribed and its lectotype is designated. All three Aphanommata species from the Cape Verde islands as well as A. filum (Mulsant & Rey, 1859) from Old World are diagnosed, illustrated, and keyed. Mature larva of A. kuscheli sp. nov. is described, larval morphology is discussed and the current state of knowledge about immature stages of Cossoninae is summarized. Vertical and inter-insular distributional pattern of Cape Verde Aphanommata and Pselactus is reviewed and discussed.