By combining stochastic variational inference with message passing algorithms we show how to solve the highly complex problem of navigation and avoidance in distributed multi-robot systems in a computationally tractable manner, allowing online implementation. Subsequently, the proposed variational method lends itself to more flexible solutions than prior methodologies. Furthermore, the derived method is verified both through simulations with multiple mobile robots and a real world experiment with two mobile robots. In both cases the robots shares the operating space and needs to cross each other’s paths multiple times without colliding.

In passing maneuvers on two-lane highways, assessing the needed distance and the potential power reserve to ensure the required speed mode of the passing vehicle is a critical task of speed planning. This task must meet several mutually exclusive conditions that lead to successful maneuver. The paper addresses three main aspects. First, the issues of rational distribution of the speed of the passing vehicle for overtaking a long commercial vehicle on two-lane highways are discussed. The factors that affect maneuver effectiveness are analyzed, considering safety and cost. Second, a heuristic algorithm is then proposed based on the rationale for choosing the necessary space and time for overtaking. The initial prediction's sensitivity to fluctuations of current measurements of the position and speed of the overtaking participants is examined. Third, an optimization technique for passing vehicle speed distribution over the overtaking time using the finite element method is presented. The adaptive model predictive control is applied for tracking the references being generated. The presented model is illustrated using simulation.

This paper outlines the detection procedure of intrusion as provided by Tripwire tool along-with the enhancement to be made in design and implementation to achieve the optimum performance level of Tripwire. It operates on effective and swift performance mechanism in order to report the system admin about the possible intrusion detected in the system with security assurance in cutting edge computer structures, which is very important in order to provide the integrity and reliability of information. In order to deal with this emerging issue in the historical research, the basic level of security is provided in the system by making enhancement in the existing tripwire tool for UNIX file system. The proposed methodological working of tripwire makes it more effective by adopting reliable and instantaneous mechanism to deal with specifically anomalies and unwanted access in the UNIX file system.

With the prevalence of smartphones, the scope of mobile applications has been significantly broadened in the past few years including almost every aspect of our daily life. Among the applications, message dissemination services play a significant role. Traditionally, users send messages to the servers, which forward them according to friend lists. This client-server architecture is efficient with the support of infrastructures, however, it restricts the application scope and may hinder the wide deployment of location-based mobile applications. This paper proposes a novel communication model called passive broadcast for local message dissemination. In this new model, each node does not maintain a connection state and data delivery is initialized by a receiver via a ’scan’ operation. The representative carriers of passive broadcast include Bluetooth and WiFi-Direct, both of which define a mandatory ‘peer discovery’ function. Passive broadcast features negligible cost for establishing and maintaining direct links and is extremely suitable for short message dissemination in proximity. Furthermore, we study the operation management in the proposed communication model with complete protocols and in-depth analysis for optimization. We prototyped our solution on commercial phones and evaluated it with extensive experiments and simulation.

This study investigated the influence and interaction of tobacco promotional and control information with adolescents’ current smoking and smoking susceptibility. 12,278 students were recruited from junior, senior and vocational high schools located in Shanghai, China. The exposure to tobacco promotional and control message of participants over the past 30 days were examined, as well as current smoking and never smokers’ initiation susceptibility. Complex sample analysis was applied. Descriptive and multivariate logistic regressions were conducted. 89.3% and 91.5% of adolescents investigated were exposed to tobacco promotional and control message respectively, which separately increased and decreased the risk of current smoking and never-smokers’ smoking susceptibility, especially among males and junior high school students. The risk changed in consistency with the exposure level（P_trend < 0.001）. Tobacco control message seemed to mitigate the influence of tobacco promotions in the risk of both current smoking (OR = 0.64, 95%CI: 0.41–0.99) and smoking susceptibility (OR = 0.65, 95%CI: 0.46–0.93). Tobacco-related message exposure was highly prevalent and associated with youth smoking risk and smoking susceptibility. It is important to enhance the comprehensiveness and enforcement of promotion bans. Given the improvement of tobacco control message on smoking risk brought by tobacco promotions, the publicity and dissemination of tobacco control information need to be consistently strengthened.

An updated, binary-coded message has been developed for transmission to extraterrestrial intelligences in the Milky Way galaxy. The proposed message includes basic mathematical and physical concepts to establish a universal means of communication followed by information on the biochemical composition of life on Earth, the Solar System’s time-stamped position in the Milky Way relative to known globular clusters, as well as digitized depictions of the Solar System, and Earth’s surface. The message concludes with digitized images of the human form, along with an invitation for any receiving intelligences to respond. Calculation of the optimal timing during a given calendar year is specified for potential future transmission from both the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope in China and the SETI Institute’s Allen Telescope Array in northern California to a selected region of the Milky Way which has been proposed as the most likely for life to have developed. These powerful new beacons, the successors to the Arecibo radio telescope which transmitted the 1974 message upon which this expanded communication is in part based, can carry forward Arecibo’s legacy into the 21st century with this equally well-constructed communication from Earth’s technological civilization.

Students are regarded as frequent users of mobile phones which has proven to be a convenient and acceptable method to promote healthy lifestyle. Students usually engage in relatively high levels of risky behavior and make unhealthy lifestyle choices, a study that investigates how health students access health information is necessary. The study adopted a descriptive cross-sectional study which was undertaken among third-year nursing students from three nurses training institutions in Ghana. A total of 270 students participated in the study. Most of the respondents who were currently subscribers of the health messages reported that they usually received health information on reproductive health issues, nutrition, and practicing safe sex. Most of the health students revealed that they needed more information on safe sex, diet, managing weight, and stress management. The results also show that health students are likely to remember and share short messages with friends. The findings serve as an ‘eye-opener’ for health educators and mobile service providers concerning factors that should be taken into consideration when framing health text messages that will attract health students.

For engines operating with heavy fuel oil (HFO), the nozzle rings of the turbocharger turbines are prone to severe degradation in terms of contamination with unburned fuel deposits. This contamination may lead to increased excitation of blade resonances. A previous study provides technical guidelines on how to extract the relevant information from the pulsation spectra by means of a single probe installed away from the turbine trailing edge and some sound experimental proofs of integral mode turbine vibration detection. These theoretical discussions only allude to the effects of mistuning and interferences due to classical blade passing frequencies on sound radiation patterns emitted by integral blade vibration modes. In this paper, both effects are thoroughly discussed. Combining the knowledge of theoretical study and further experimental results, the application range of this blade vibration detection method can be remarkably extended.

The convergence of artificial intelligence and the Internet of Things (IoT) has made remarkable strides in the realm of industry. The IoT devices in this computing model gather data from various sources and send it to edge servers for real-time processing, which presents a challenge to the existing message queue systems in Artificial Intelligence of Things (AIoT) Edge computing. These systems lack the adaptability to respond to the current state of the system, such as changes in the number of devices, message size, and frequency, and optimize the message transmission mechanism accordingly. Hence, it is critical to devise an approach that can effectively decouple message processing and mitigate workload fluctuations in the AIoT computing environment. To this end, this study introduces a distributed message queue system that is specifically tailored to the AIoT edge environment, utilizing a reinforcement learning approach to optimize message queue performance. Empirical findings reveal that this pioneering method significantly improves system throughput while handling varying message scenarios.

Background: Food insecurity is an ongoing problem in the U.S. with implications for health problems and social disadvantages. Past food insecurity intervention studies have targeted barriers to accessing healthy food. Although, information barriers have not been adequately addressed by food insecurity interventions. Methods: This qualitative study involved testing a text message as an informational nudge through interviews among adults in the southwest U.S. (n = 10). Interview questions focused on the message content, persuasiveness, relevancy, clarity, and details that participants liked and disliked. A qualitative content analysis of interview responses then highlighted any necessary modifications to the text message. Results: Interview responses highlighted that the message conveyed details about how to access food assistance resources. The message was perceived as informative, clear, and friendly. Participants highlighted the need for better spacing in the message layout, more details about the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), and why SNAP is relevant. Conclusion: Text message readability and informativeness were common concerns raised during interviews. Participant-informed modifications to the text message were applied in preparation for using the message in a food insecurity intervention. Future food insecurity research efforts should similarly test novel interventions to ensure the intervention is acceptable for the target population.

A critical aspect of coronary heart disease (CHD) care and secondary prevention is ensuring patients have access to evidence-based information. The purpose of this review is to summarise the guiding principles, content, context and timing of information and education that is beneficial for supporting people with CHD and potential communication strategies including digital interventions. We conducted a scoping review involving searching four databases (Web of Science, PubMed, CINAHL, Medline) for articles published from January 2000 to August 2022. Literature was identified through title and abstract screening by expert reviewers. Evidence was synthesised according to the review aims. Results demonstrated that information-sharing, decision-making, goal-setting, positivity and practicality are important aspects of secondary prevention and should be patient-centred and evidenced based with consideration of patient need and preference. Initiation and duration of education is highly variable between and within people, but hence communication and support should be regular and ongoing. In conclusion, text messaging programs, smartphone applications and wearable devices are examples of digital health strategies that facilitate education and support for patients with heart disease. There is no one size fits all approach that suits all patients at all stages and hence flexibility and a suite of resources and strategies is optimal.

We investigate the power of time series analysis based on a variety of information-theoretic approaches from statistics (AIC, BIC) and machine learning (Minimum Message Length) - and we then compare their efficacy with traditional time series model and with hybrids involving deep learning. More specifically, we develop AIC, BIC and Minimum Message Length (MML) ARMA (autoregressive moving average) time series models - with this Bayesian information-theoretic MML ARMA modelling already being new work. We then study deep learning based algorithms in time series forecasting, using Long Short Term Memory (LSTM), and we then combine this with the ARMA modelling to produce a hybrid ARMA-LSTM prediction. Part of the purpose of the use of LSTM is to seek capture any hidden information in the residuals left from the traditional ARMA model. We show that MML not only outperforms earlier statistical approaches to ARMA modelling, but we further show that the hybrid MML ARMA-LSTM models outperform both ARMA models and LSTM models.

Food insecurity is an economic and social condition involving limited or uncertain access to food. The problem of food insecurity in communities is influenced by economic conditions, food deserts, and barriers to accessing healthy food. Individuals experiencing food insecurity often endure concurrent problems of financial instability, hunger, and poor mental and physical health. Public and non-profit services in the U.S., such as the federally supported Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) and community food banks, provide food-related assistance to individuals who are at a high risk of experiencing food insecurity. Unfortunately, many individuals who qualify for these services still experience food insecurity due to barriers preventing them from accessing food. Effective approaches for removing barriers that prevent individuals from accessing food are needed to mitigate the increased risk of chronic disease among vulnerable populations. This study tested a novel food insecurity intervention called FINDING-Food, which stands for Frequent Informational Nudges Directing Individuals to Needed Goods. Informational nudges in the intervention promoted food security through the elimination of information barriers to accessing food. The intervention used in this mixed-methods feasibility study consisted of informational nudges in the form of weekly text messages that were sent to food pantry clients experiencing food insecurity. The study aims were to test the efficacy and acceptability of the intervention by examining whether the informational nudges could enhance food pantry utilization, increase SNAP registration, and promote food security. Quantitative study results showed a lower prevalence of food insecurity in the intervention group than the control group at the end of the study. Qualitative findings revealed how the intervention group found the text messages to be helpful and informative. These study findings can enhance future food insecurity interventions aiming to eliminate barriers that prevent individuals who are food insecure from accessing healthy food.

The development of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) technology comes with inherent limitations and vulnerabilities that make it exploitable by intruders. The fundamental goal of this article is to solve security problems related to black hole attacks, which interfere with the proper performance of the network and can lead to data leakage and loss. The proposed solution in this article is to apply IDS to a WSN for the first time. We also used the NS2.35 simulator to compare the three routing protocols, AODV, AODV under Hacker Node (HNAODV), and the proposed solution (IDSHNAODV) in the WSN model to reduce the effects of black hole attacks.

Nowadays, wearable devices for human health monitoring are increasingly become popular and widely used. Typically, the wearable device is small size and operates with batteries. Therefore, the wearable device acquires bio-signals and transfers to smartphones or personal computers (PC) via WiFi/ Bluetooth for processing data. To reduce power consumption is one of the most important challenges of designing wearable devices. To solve this problem, the proposed signal quality valuation (SQV) method can be select the high-quality signal and reduce the transfer time to other devices. In this paper, the proposed SQV and data compression method rely on real-time PPG signals analysis to retain important information of PPG signal, improve performance and power consumption of PPG devices. Besides, we also proposed Heuristic rules for heart rate (HR) estimation with compression data. The experimental results show that the highest compression ratio (CR) is 387.8 with BIDMC Physionet database (sampling frequencies of 125 Hz) and HR error as 1.43 bpm for averaging absolute error (avAE), the standard deviation absolute error (sdAE as 0.4) and relative error mean (avRE as 0.019). The proposed real-time PPG measurement system (sampling frequency as 100/ 200/ 400 Hz) reduce power consumption and open the new structure for healthcare application systems

In this paper a protection scheme is provided to protect microgrid by considering the problems that are generated by addition of distributed generators to distribution networks and change these networks from passive to active. At first, changes in microgrid conditions that can affect short-circuit current is explained. Then Based on these changes, an algorithm is proposed to update relays settings. The algorithm can be used for both instantaneous and inverse time relays. In this protection scheme, central unit has no place and relays are responsible for monitoring microgrid and update their settings. In other words, this protection scheme is an adaptive and decentralized microgrid protection scheme. Instantaneous overcurrent relays are used in this paper. To avoid storing large amounts of setting data in relays memory, a method for calculating pickup current of instantaneous relay is provided. Since digital relays used, a new characteristic curve for instantaneous relay for better performance in the field of backup protection is defined. This new characteristic curve has two peakup currents: one of them for main protection and the other one for backup protection. Then coordination of instantaneous relay using the new characteristic curve is explained. At the end, this protection scheme is implemented on a microgrid.