A progressive and chronic neurological condition called MSA (Multiple System Atrophy) is characterized clinically by varying degrees of dysautonomia, cerebellar ataxia, and parkinsonism. The concept of mitochondrial dysregulation in MSA is one perspective in handling this neurodegenerative disease. Damage to functional mitochondria is driven by the presence of ɑ-Synuclein-induced mitochondrial localization. The goal of MSA treatment up until now has been to reduce symptoms. One of the innovations in the treatment of MSA could be the novel idea based on mitochondrial reprogramming pathways. Mitochondrial reprogramming can be done in various ways in which the use of hydrogen, magnesium and low-dose hydrogen peroxide.

Radish (Raphanus sativus L.), a root vegetable belonging to the Brassicaceae family, is considered as one of the representative crops displaying sporophytic self-incompatibility (SSI). The utilization of a self-incompatibility system in F1 breeding can improve the efficiency of cross combinations, leading to a reduction in breeding time and aiding in the development of novel F1 varieties. The successful implementation of this system necessitates the rapid and accurate identification of S haplotypes in parental lines. In this study, we identified a total of 9 S haplotypes among 22 elite radish lines through Sanger sequencing. Subsequently, we obtained sequences for showing 95% similarity to 9 S haplotypes, along with sequences identified by other researchers using BLAST. Following this, multiple sequence alignment (MSA) was conducted to identify SRK and SLG sequence similarities, as well as polymorphisms within the class I, II groups. Subsequently, S haplotype-specific marker sets were developed, targeting polymorphic regions of SRK and SLG alleles. These markers successfully amplified each of 9 S haplotypes. these markers will play a crucial role in the rapid and precise identification of parental S haplotypes in the radish F1 breeding process, proving instrumental in the radish F1 purity test.

SARS-CoV-2 is a novel and highly pathogenic coronavirus, which was first diagnosed in Wuhan city, China, in 2019, and spread to 185 countries and territories, and as of April 29, 2020, more than 3.11 million cases were recorded, and more than 217,000 people were killed. Despite all worldwide efforts, there is currently no vaccine, any drugs available to protect people against deadly SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus. The world urgently needs a SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus vaccine or effective antiviral drugs to relieve the human suffering associated with the pandemic that kills thousands of people every day. The SARS-CoV-2 genome encode a non-structural proteins named as ORF1a/b, and structural proteins such as spike (S) glycoprotein, nucleocapsid protein (N), small envelop protein (E) and matrix protein (M). A number of studies have been shown that CoV spike (S) glycoprotein and nucleocapsid protein (N) could be promising targets for vaccine, antibodies and therapeutic drug development to combat with deadly, pandemic SARS-CoV-2. Purposes of the present paper is the sequence analysis and amino acid variations of structural proteins deduced from novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 strains, isolated in different countries. Multiple sequence alignment of S, N and E proteins from four different coronavirus species, are also described. It is expected that the data from these studies will be very useful for the the designing and development of vaccines, antibodies and therapeutic agents that can be used to combat with the highly pathogenic SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus worldwide.

Globalization has had an impact on the education system in the UAE, where increased use of bilingual curriculum (Arabic-English) is held in high regard. Nevertheless, literacy among Emirati children and teenagers remains low. This study uses a 15-item, open-ended questionnaire completed by Emirati parents and an 8-item, open-ended questionnaire completed by Emirati primary school children from 8 to 11 years of age, and compares the translation of The Little prince into Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) and into the Emirati dialect. The results suggest that not only the Emirati dialect, but any Arabic dialect (in its respective Arab country) could be used in primary schools to motivate children to read in Arabic and bridge the gap between their spoken language (dialect) and formal written Arabic. Not only must an Arab child learn how to read, but also, they have to understand a very formal language system that they are not used to speaking at home, i.e., Modern Standard Arabic (MSA). Having books in their own dialects may make children more interested in reading, as they can understand them more easily.

Apathy in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the least studied manifestations of a wide range of neuropsychiatric disorders (PND). The frequency of apathy in PD, according to various researchers, is 17–80%. Structural and neurochemical changes associated with PD are considered as the leading pathophysiological factors of apathy. Possible general pathophysiological mechanisms of apathy and hypokinesia, depression, executive (frontal) cognitive functions, sleep disorders in PD are discussed. The basis of the pathophysiological commonality of apathy, hypokinesia, and executive functions is probably bilateral disturbances in the functional connections of the stratum and dorsolateral, medial parts of the prefrontal cortex. The combination of apathy and depression in PD may be due to dysfunction of the structures of the limbic system and the medial orbital prefrontal cortex responsible for motivational determined behavior. The variability of the relationship between apathy and hypokinesia, depression, cognitive impairments, sleep disorders at different stages of PD may be associated with the phenomenological heterogeneity of apathy.Apathy worsens the quality of life, makes a significant contribution to disorders of both household and social adaptation of PD patients. It is promising to study the possibility of correcting apathy using dopaminergic therapy. Against the background of the appointment of pramipexole (1.5-3.0 mg / day) to 20 patients with PD (middle stage, according to Hen-Yar-2.5) to correct movement disorders after 4-6 weeks of therapy, a statistically significant positive dynamics of apathy were noted. According to the total assessment of the scale of apathy SE Starkstein (AS). As a result of the study, no statistically significant correlation was found between the dynamics of the total apathy indicator and the dynamics of motor symptoms of PD according to the unified rating scale for assessing PD (“Motor functions”), which, we believe, indicates an independent effect of pramipexole therapy in relation to motivational disorders.

The bonds of England and the UAE date back to over 220 years ago. This article explores the interference of Arabic prepositions in the English used in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), and their occurrences in light of gender and level of education, two important social variables related to linguistic behavior. To do so, participants will translate 20 sentences in Arabic into English as well as fill in 30 gaps in sentences in English with the missing prepositions. We will also experiment how musical intelligence may improve Emiratis’ performance regarding preposition. A study will be carried out to verify if participants from the experimental group, who will receive training on prepositions through music, obtains better results compared to the control group, who will receive training through a more traditional way (by listening to the instructor and repeating).

Bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) belongs to the Cetartiodactyla and similarly to the other cetaceans represent the most successful mammalian colonization of the aquatic environment. Here we report a genomic, evolutionary and expression study of Tursiops truncatus T cell receptor beta (TRB) genes. Although the organization of the dolphin TRB locus is similar to that of the other artiodactyl species, with three in tandem D-J-C clusters located at its 3’ end, its uniqueness is given by the reduction of the total length due essentially to the absence of duplications and to the deletions that have drastically reduced the number of the germline TRBV genes. We have analyzed the relevant mature transcripts from two subjects. The simultaneous availability of rearranged TRA and TRB cDNA from the peripheral blood of one of the two specimens, and the human/dolphin amino acids multi sequence alignments, allowed us to calculate the most likely interactions at the protein interface between the alpha/beta heterodimer in complex with major histocompatibility class I (MH1) protein. Interacting amino acids located in the CDR-IMGT of the dolphin variable V alpha and beta domains were identified. According to comparative modelisation, the atome pair contact sites analysis between the human MH1 grove (G) domains and the TR V domains confirms conservation of the structure of the dolphin TR/pMH.