In recent years, the production of cement has grown globally in a very rapid manner due to the modernization of the world we live in, and after fossil fuels and land-use change, cement production is the third-largest source of anthropogenic emissions of carbon dioxide, CO₂. Cement being the primary binding material for concrete and with the prospects for the concrete industry continues to grow so will the emissions of CO₂. Hence, a method to reduce the CO₂ production while keeping up with the progression of the concrete industry is very crucial in current times. This is where CO₂ sequestration comes in. It is a process where CO₂ is converted into a mineral which will then be trapped into the concrete forever. Required data to carry out the research between CO₂ sequestered concrete and concrete without CO₂ have been observed, obtained and tabulated as necessary. These data are then used to compare the concrete samples with one another and also prove the theoretical effects of CO₂ exposure to concrete. Hence, experimental results on the compressive strength of the concrete samples for 7, 14 and 28 days has also been tabulated, graphed and further disputed. The objective of this research is mainly to determine the compressive strength of CO₂ sequestered concrete in comparison with concrete without CO₂ in order to decrease the effects the concrete industry has on the environment. The compressive strength of concrete samples with sequestration of CO₂ gas is expected to be higher than of the concrete without CO₂.

Solar pavement technology has numerous benefits for advanced life and environmental protection, including reduced fossil fuel usage, reduction harmful emissions from conventional electricity generation and handy reliable electricity via solar energy. This paper aims to find an alternative for cost effective renewable energy sources is in conjunction with the principles of sustainability. This research studies whether the application of thermal energy harvesting road pavement using sustainable conductive piping such as stainless steel, copper, and aluminium are feasible in Malaysia. The scope of the paper is to optimize the suitable parameters for different materials of thermal energy harvester such as pipe material, pipe depth inserted into pavement, types of pipe arrangement, pipe spacing, and flow rate for maximum thermal energy extraction using numerical simulation. The simulation is testing under engineering software ANSYS Workbench 19.2 (Fluent) and Solidworks 2020 to develop project prototype from optimize thermal energy harvester. Thus, serpentine copper pipe shows the highest heat efficiency which is 32.22% with the temperature outlet of 327.35K (54.21°C) at the pipe located at 50 mm from the surface pavement with the pipe spacing of 80 mm centre-to-centre.