Butanol extracts from leaves, twigs and fruits of Elaeagnus rhamnoides (L.) A. Nelson (sea buckthorn, SBT) were fractionated into phenolic and non-polar lipid components. Their chemical composition was analyzed using the Thermo Ultimate 3000RS chromatographic system, equipped with a diode array detector, a corona-charged aerosol detector, and coupled with a (Q-TOF) mass spectrometer. Assuming that an effect on natural microbiotaand host epithelial cells needs to be assessed, regardless of the purpose of using SBT formulations in vivo, the MIC/MBC/MFC of the fractions and reference phytocompounds were screened involving 17 species of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and Candida species. The impact of the fractions (subMIC) on the important in vivo persistence properties of S. aureus and C. albicans strains was evaluated. Tests for adhesion and biofilm formation on an abiotic surface and the surfaces conditioned with fibrinogen, collagen, plasma or artificial saliva showed the inhibitory activity of the fractions. The effects on FITC-labeled staphylococci adhesion to fibroblasts (HFF-1) and epithelial cells (Caco-2), and on fungal morphogenesis, indicated that SBT extracts have high anti-virulence potential. Cytotoxicity tests (MTT-reduction) on the standard fibroblast cell line showed variable biological safety of the fractions depending on their composition and concentration.

Cancer is currently the second leading cause of death worldwide, second only to ischemic heart disease, with approximately 8.97 million estimated deaths. However, projections indicate that it is expected to surpass heart disease and become the leading cause of death by 2060. Lung, liver, and stomach cancer are the deadliest malignancies in the general population, while lung and breast cancer predominate as the primary causes of cancer-related death in men and women, respectively. Apart from conventional treatments, there is a growing interest in exploring plant-based drugs for cancer management. Elaeagnus angustifolia, a medicinal plant with a history of traditional use in various cultures for its therapeutic properties, has recently garnered attention as a potential cancer treatment due to its reported anti-cancer effects. This review article aims to comprehensively summarize the current research on Elaeagnus angustifolia and its therapeutic applications in cancer. It delves into in vitro studies investigating the plant's interactions with cancer cells, uncovering mechanisms such as apoptosis induction, cell cycle arrest, and modulation of signalling pathways. In addition to in vitro research, the review evaluates in vivo and preclinical studies assessing the safety and efficacy of Elaeagnus angustifolia in animal models, emphasizing the promising outcomes and underscoring the need for well-designed clinical trials to validate its potential benefits in human cancer patients. The review provides valuable insights into the current research on Elaeagnus angustifolia's role in cancer treatment. It underscores the necessity for further investigations, including clinical trials, to establish its safety, efficacy, and optimal use in cancer management.

This study aimed to evaluate the positive effect of autumn olive berries (AOB) extract on aging delay by improving the lipid metabolism of middle-aged C. elegans who became obese due to high glucose (GLU) diet. As a result of investigating the total phenol content and DPPH radical scavenging ability of freeze- or spray-dried AOB, freeze-dried AOB showed better antioxidant potential. Afterward, through HPLC analysis, it was confirmed that catechin was the main compound in the polyphenols of AOB. Therefore, we used freeze-dried AOB in subsequent in vivo experiments. AOB inhibited lipid accumulation in both the young adult and middle-aged groups in a concentration-dependent manner under both normal and 2% GLU conditions. Additionally, AOB inhibited ROS accumulation in a concentration-dependent manner under normal and 2% GLU conditions in the middle-aged worms. In particular, AOB also increased the number of body bending and egg production in middle-aged worms. To confirm the intervention of genetic factors related to lipid metabolism in the effect of AOB, body lipid accumulation was confirmed using worms deficient in the daf-16, atgl-1, aak-1, and akt-1. Regarding the effect of AOB on reducing lipid accumulation, the impact was nullified in daf-16 deficient worms under the 2% GLU condition and nullified in both daf-16 and deficient worms under fasting conditions. This means that AOB regulates lipogenesis and lipolysis by mediating daf-16 and atgl-1 in middle-aged worms. Our results suggest that AOB contributes to the aging delay effect by improving lipid metabolism in metabolic impaired middle-aged worms.