@article{202402.0182, doi = {10.20944/preprints202402.0182.v1}, url = {https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202402.0182.v1}, year = 2024, month = {February}, publisher = {Preprints}, author = {Hirohisa Tamagawa and Bernard Delalande}, title = {Immobile Charges Play an Essential Role for Membrane Potential Generation}, journal = {Preprints} }