Feasibility and Local Perceptions About Treated Wastewater Reuse for Irrigation: Insights from the Prato Circular City Framework (Italy)

The reuse of treated wastewater for agricultural irrigation is increasingly recognized as a strategic response to the growing challenges posed by climate change and freshwater scarcity. The paper outlines the development of EU regulations on using treated wastewater for irrigation, focusing on Italy. It highlights Regulation (EU) 2020/741, which sets minimum standards and water quality classes for agricultural reuse, and discusses its integration into national law. The aim of the paper is to present a case study of the wastewater treatment plant operated by GIDA S.p.A. in the Municipality of Prato, Tuscany. A quali-quantitative survey was conducted with a sample of local agri-food producers located in proximity to the plant, aimed at assessing their irrigation needs, current water sources, and attitudes toward the use of reclaimed water. Results indicate a general willingness to adopt treated wastewater for irrigation. The case of Prato is further contextualized within two ongoing municipal frameworks: the development of a local food policy strategy and the “Prato Circular City” program, which positions cir-cular economy principles at the core of urban planning. Through the integration of policy analysis and empirical data, this study provides valuable insights into peri-urban agricultural environments in Central Italy.