Working Paper Article Version 1 This version is not peer-reviewed

# Tri-State+ Communication Symmetry

Version 1 : Received: 8 May 2021 / Approved: 11 May 2021 / Online: 11 May 2021 (09:26:28 CEST)
(This article belongs to the Research Topic Quantum Computing)

How to cite: Gerck, E. Tri-State+ Communication Symmetry. Preprints 2021, 2021050224 Gerck, E. Tri-State+ Communication Symmetry. Preprints 2021, 2021050224

## Abstract

We necessarily use bodies to communicate, and are therefore governed by their rules. However, this work also applies to how we communicate. In analogy to Einstein's stimulated emission explaining the thermal radiation of bodies in communication, this work shows that in the Information Theory (IT) by Shannon (with two, random logical states only, “0” and “1”), a third truth value Z, as a new process of a coherent logic state, should exist. This establishes a unity between Einstein's and Shannon's theories, hitherto not reported, both referring to communication processes between bodies. In addition, we also use practical examples from Verilog tri-state chip design, and more. We propose that tri-state+, offering 3, 9, 27 ... logical states, should be used in communication, and are formed by using extended Galois fields GF(3^n) to model the observed communication symmetries, including that of interconnects and quantum interconnects (QuICs). The most fundamental entity in todays IT, classically and quantum, is proposed to use tri-state+, in at least three logical states with GF(3^n) expressing more symmetries than Boolean logic, deprecating bit and qubit, breaking the `law of the excluded middle'', and including interconnects.

## Subject Areas

communication; information; tri-state, QuIC, Galois field, quantum, qubit, qutrit, qudit, semantics, meaning, trust, interconnect, out-of-band, superstimulated emssion, law of the excluded middle, distributed denial of service

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