The role of the Dyson model for strategic development in achieving strategic success / case study in Baghdad Municipality Prof

The research was applied in the field in the departments of the Baghdad Municipality, where the examination list was relied upon, which included a set of questions that the senior and middle leaders in the Baghdad Municipality answered, and it was the main means by which the information related to the field of research was collected, and the checklist included two variables and three dimensions From each variable, as each dimension included four questions that express indicators that revolve around one of the research hypotheses, and the case study methodology was used, which defined its path and steps, collected and analyzed field data, and linked it to its theoretical framework, in order to reach To achieve the goal of completing this research, and through analyzing, interpreting and discussing the results, the most important results were drawn up: It was found that the principle of motivation within the departments of Baghdad Municipality does not exist and this affects the employees who do not receive it from the higher leaders in their departments, and this shows that the leaderships in The Municipality of Baghdad do not have the skills and experience. Baghdad Municipality seeks to work alone and not to involve employees who have experiences and skills and strive to achieve development in their departments, and this is what the community members expressed. Among them and poor business completion in their departments.

The figure below shows the hypothetical scheme of the research, as it shows a set of logical relationships between the main and sub-variables, as well as clarifying the main and subsidiary research variables, and the chart consists of two variables, one independent and the other dependent, which is as shown below: The independent variable: represented by the (Dyson)   2-Checklist: It is a formula that was prepared for collecting and recording data in an easy and direct way, to suit the type of data required to be collected and in groups classified according to the purpose of the research. By the researcher and seeing the nature of the work of each of them, an intentional sample was taken, represented by the general directors, assistants, heads of departments, directors of the people, and officials of the units.

Eighth: The research sample and its characteristics
The research sample includes the higher and middle administrative leaderships of the Baghdad Municipality, represented by (Director General, Assistant Director General, Heads of Departments, People Managers, and unit officials). They possess the cultural and their expertise by virtue of their administrative positions that they undertake, in addition to that they are responsible for taking decisions within the Baghdad Municipality.

First: the concept of strategic development
The concept of strategic development is an acronym that adopts a creative and innovative way of thinking, in which the planning and implementation factor enters together in order to achieve the objectives of the organization in the presence of studied risk and uncertainty. (Al-Ghanim, 3: 2020) 1-The planned, organized and comprehensive effort is for all components of the organization.

2-It is based on a long-term plan that focuses on improving the internal environment of the organization and increasing organizational effectiveness.
It is an ongoing process that organizations resort to to modify their strategic path by making fundamental changes in their work, and the way in which they compete, in order to improve their performance and maintain their competitive position with the passage of time.

second: The importance of strategic development -
The importance of strategic development as he sees it (Al-Barasy 39: 2015) is as follows: 1. Supporting the efficiency of the organization, increasing efficiency, raising productivity in quantity and quality, and reducing waste of resources.
2. Work on the integration of the objectives of the organization, society, and work.
3. Take advantage of developments and discoveries in the field of other sciences.

There is a weakness in the supervisory methods of work performance.
There is a separation between employees and management, their absenteeism, increased complaints, and low morale (Al-Salam and Adel: 2006, 43) And indicating (Al-Qasim, 2015: 111.110) of the importance of strategic development in the following aspects: 1. Supporting the efficiency of the organization, increasing its effectiveness, raising productivity in quantity and quality, and reducing waste of resources.
2-Developing human forces, improving their performance, upgrading their behavior, and fueling creativity and innovation.
And that the importance of strategic development is due to many reasons, as he sees it (Amari, 2013: 43), as it is as follows: 1. Makes proactive efforts of the organization to address strategic mistakes before they happen.
2. Links the performance learning process with the overall planning process, allowing strategic business plans to align with human resource plans.

Third: -Dimensions of strategic development
The dimensions have been known ((as an estimate of a value around which the majority of data are centered and represented by the best representation)) (Samhan, 2010: 71). When talking about strategic development, we find that there are difficulties facing these, represented by the lack of studies that dealt with measuring strategic development, especially public organizations, and as identified The basic dimensions of strategic development according to the Dyson model of strategic development, and the following is a discussion of a number of those dimensions that were dealt with in the research as follows:

1-Strategic direction (strategic vision and objectives)
Defining the strategic direction includes defining the vision for the strategic development process, achieving the strategic logic, the structure of the problem, and building the strategic agendas in the negotiations. Hence, it is necessary to consider the strategic vision for strategic development in terms of the concept (dyson 2007). Taking direct strategic initiatives for implementation is the path of intuition, hope and strategy. Emerging with all its limits. It is an incremental corrective used interactively when unintended consequences arise and corresponds to a "single learning loop," (Argyris & Schon 1978).

2-Measuring performance using the Balanced Scorecard -BSC
Performance measurement is one of the topics that attract a lot of attention, whether in the academic or the practicing world, and (2006: 22 Neely) notes that performance measurement is a diverse topic because researchers who participate in its study come from a variety of backgrounds, from accounting and operations management to psychology, sociology and economics. It is believed that the basic principle behind the interest in performance measurement is that "what is measured is what is actually accomplished" (Dimitrakopoulos, 2018: 37) has defined the concept of performance measurement, which is a measure of performance used to measure the efficiency or effectiveness of an action while the performance measurement system is a "group of Metrics used to measure actions taken in the organization.

3-Strategic analysis of the internal and external environment -SWOT
A SWOT analysis aims to identify the strengths and weaknesses of the organization and the opportunities and threats in the environment. Where these factors are identified whose strategies have been developed which may build on strengths, eliminate weakness, and invest opportunities or challenges, (Dyson 2004) that the focus that SWOT creates is neither deterministic nor complete in any way, but it was found useful and when it is done. It is used effectively (usually within a group process in the organization), and is insightful in forming strategy (Dyson 2007: 11) and (Hodgkinson, 2006: 476--496) believes that strategic analysis is a process that ensures the monitoring of the organization's environment.

First: the concept of strategic success
There are a large number of organizations that have tended to form strategic alliances to ensure their survival and success in their work (Al-Tamimi and Al-Khashali, 2015: 646), that the concept of success in organizations is related to environmental adaptation and growth and thus the achievement of survival, as continuity and interaction under the changing environment requires flexibility and creating a state of Balance, and in order to achieve this, it is necessary to find a scale to evaluate the organization's performance so that it fits with each stage of the organization's life cycle (Al-Halamah and Al-Azzawi 2009: 22). As for (Thomas, 2013:

Second: -The importance of the strategic success of organizations.
Strategic success is very important for organizations in light of the goals that independent bodies seek to achieve, and it is a set of reasons that achieve excellence, leadership, efficiency and organizational effectiveness ( Al-Lafi and Al-Khashman: 51: 2019) and among the factors that contributed to the increase in the importance of managing the organization, which is the expansion of the governmental role, the increase in the spread of administrative problems in government organizations, technological developments, and the increase in the preparation of students for management science (Al-Khafaji and Al-Hayti, 2009: , and confirmed Al-Tamimi and Al-Khashali 646: 2015) stated that all organizations are working to achieve success in their work by building organizational capabilities and vital competencies (core competencies), while Jones, 2010: 13) {The strategy is easy to formulate, but difficult to implement}.

Third: the dimensions of strategic success
The theories acquire the character of application and testing to prove the validity of the adopted hypotheses, as they indicate the paths of relationships between the dimensions of the studied phenomena and their correlations with closer ones (Al-Saadi, 2010: [16][17]. There is a question that arises, what are the dimensions or measures of success? Both (2007: 493: Katz & Green) answered this question that the measure of success for a short period is, {profitability} and for a long time is {survival}, and therefore it includes facing challenges, and that the key to any new organization is to identify in a way that helps it survive and for its own sake. Proof of their worth and projects must make profits (Katz & Green, 2007: 586).

1-Survival: -
(Al-Rikabi, 2004: 347) referred to survival as the essence of strategic success, and the organization is judged to be successful by remaining in the competition circle. Staying in the competition field is a goal that all organizations seek and may require them to take care of the interests of all parties involved with the organization, including investors. And suppliers, customers and workers, and concludes (Al-Dulaimi 101: 2013) from that {that staying in the business field is the goal of the organization and is achieved through achieving the following sub-objectives}: A -The organization's ability to achieve the goals of society in addition to achieving its goals.
B-Attention to the interests of all parties related to the organization.

2-Adaptive:
This type of change is referred to as distinct and requires the organization's response to maintain the competitive advantage, and some distinct change may be described as a change that affects the organization according to a radical and organizational change (Al-Enazi, 2010: 126) and defined it (Kasten, 2006: 20) as the effort The organizer to respond to a changing environment. "He defined it (Hammoud, 329: 2010) as" the degree of the organization's ability to predict the internal and external problems that it will face in the future and find ways to control it as much as possible. "And he defined it The municipality is the vital part related to people's lives, by providing the necessary services that the modern city needs, so it must be formed according to a system that achieves the desired goal, which is to raise a level comparable to the level of high-end countries. The first municipality was established in Baghdad in 1868 AD, when a set of provisions for the municipality law (

1-Strategic direction: The direction towards the strategic direction in general in the administration focuses towards
Focusing on the main strategic aspects instead of focusing on the tactical aspects. This has been reflected in the activities of the management of organizations. This criterion includes (4) questions distributed into (6) weights related to (the existence of an integral relationship between the vision and the strategic objectives to support strategic development) and as shown in the special checklists By applying and documenting the skill standard described in Table (1) below. The Municipality of Baghdad is keen on the existence of an integral relationship between the vision and the strategic objectives to support strategic development.


The Baghdad Municipality has a structure to define the problem and build strategic agendas in the municipality departments.


The Municipality of Baghdad adopts specific mechanisms and methods in determining objectives and naming aspects of their importance, benefits and types.

0.584
The results of Table (1) show that after the strategic orientation, it obtained a rate of (2.5) and that the percentage of the extent of conformity is (42%), which indicates a gap of non-conformity at a rate of 58%). This is because the Municipality of Baghdad does not have a strategic approach to deal with environmental changes, and it also does not have the ability to reformulate its plans to suit the current requirements, resulting from all of the following: 1. Weak strategic measures to be taken when strategic development is required.

A-Development of a change program that focuses on both the structural change in the fabric of the institution and the culture required for leadership, and supporting that within the organization.
B -The limited financial allocation of the Municipality of Baghdad to support the comprehensive strategy and development of structures for municipal departments. Table  (2) below. The Municipality of Baghdad adopts an effective performance evaluation system based on standards of expertise and competence  The personnel performance appraisal system helps to select candidates to fill positions from within the Municipality of Baghdad.


The employee performance appraisal system provides an information base that is useful in formulating and setting human resources policies  The employee performance appraisal system contributes to developing employee skills and capabilities.

2.75
Match extent = arithmetic mean / highest weight

0.687
Gap Size = 1-Percentage of match extent

0.313
The results of the checklist in Table (2) above indicate that the Baghdad Municipality has achieved an average of (2.75) out of (6). This rate indicates that the Baghdad Municipality has reached a nonapplied level partially documented from the paragraphs of the performance measurement standard with an application rate of (69) %), Which indicates the existence of a mismatch gap of (31%), and this indicates the existence of a clear gap resulting from each of the following: 1-The absence of a real system that evaluates the performance of individuals working in developing their skills and abilities.
2-The lack of a system for evaluating the performance of individuals for selecting candidates to fill positions from within the Municipality of Baghdad.

Areas for improvement required
A-Creating a real system that evaluates the performance of working individuals and develops their skills. Table (3) below.


The primary objectives of the Baghdad Municipality is to obtain the best strategic analysis to find strengths and weaknesses.  Table (3) showed that the Municipality of Baghdad achieved an average of (3.25) out of (6). This rate indicates that the Baghdad Municipality has reached the level of non-implementation and the complete documentation of the paragraphs of the strategic analysis standard with an application rate of (54%), meaning a gap of (46%), that is because the Baghdad Municipality does not have a system of basic objectives and to obtain the best strategic analysis to find strengths and weaknesses, and this indicates that there are reasons for each of the following: 1 Lack of highly skilled personnel to find strengths and weaknesses.
2 Lack of a clear strategist.

Areas for improvement required
A-Defining and assessing the opportunities and threats that the Baghdad Municipality can provide to the external environment and the strengths and weaknesses contained in the internal environment.

0.417
The results of the checklist for the survival criterion in Table (4) showed that the Baghdad Municipality has achieved an average of (3.5) out of (6). This rate indicates that the Baghdad Municipality has reached a non-applied level, and the overall documentation of the paragraphs of the survival criterion has reached an application rate of (58). %) That is, with a gap of (42%

2.75
Match extent = arithmetic mean / highest weight

0.458
Gap Size = 1-Percentage of match extent

0.542
The results of the checklist in

3.75
Match extent = arithmetic mean / highest weight

0.625
Gap Size = 1-Percentage of match extent

0.375
The results of the checklist in