Investigation to track the environmental impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in Pakistan

Coronavirus disease is a newly identified infectious disease that began in Wuhan, China in 2019 and is recognized as COVID-19. This virus has a serious impact on the planet that causes the deaths of millions of people; it produces unemployment and poverty. However, it has constructive environmental effects that reduce the amount of pollution in the atmosphere. Pakistan is also a developing economy caused by this deadly virus. Before 03 April 2021, the percentage of reported cases ranges from 682,888, with about 14,697 casualties and a total of 609,691 cases retrieved. Pakistan’s war against coronavirus can differ from advanced technical countries due to lack of resources. In this article, we will address the relation between COVID-19 and the environment in the particular case of Pakistan. There is evidence that this pandemic has lowered concentrations of greenhouse gases, including CO2 and NO2, as a consequence of global lock-down strategies.


Introduction
The human beings have been met by lethal and infectious diseases that killed the tens of millions of people. In Wuhan, Hubei Province of China, the COVID-19 Pandemic was identified first and rapidly spread worldwide in. The worst-affected nations in the world are the United States, China, Spain, Germany, Italy and France. Over a span of four months after the first epidemic in Wuhan, China, the lethal virus has affected more than 1 million people, forcing them to implement lock-down protocols to mitigate the notorious virus (Manigandan et al. 2020a;Nižetić 2020;Le et al 2020). This pandemic  has severely impacted the world economy and putted many countries into crises. Necessary precautions should be taken to maintain a safe life and good hand hygiene, such as regular hand washing with water and soap, avoid and strengthen the immune system to prevent the spread of this disease (Vochozka et al. 2019;Mahmood et al. 2020).
A considerable concern in the global health system is the high incidence of COVID-19 infections in Europe since diagnoses of COVID-19 cases are dependent on the epidemiological monitoring capabilities of European countries. Early tests found that incubating COVID-19 to humans requires up to two weeks. However, significant measures are important in the present situation to avoid the further spread of the emerging coronavirus.
The most practical method to monitor COVID-19 delivery is to constantly prepare and upgrade health services at the time which are only assessments accessible (Bashir et al. 2020;Dutheil et al. 2020;Cheung et al. 2020). According to several reports, COVID 19 has an improved impact on public wellbeing in the case of air contamination. The COVID-19 Pandemic in developing countries that reside in areas with poor urban air quality is also affected by a significant proportion of the population (Wu et al. 2019;Wang et al. 2020;Zhang et al. 2020).
The air pollution causes the temperature and which may trigger radical environmental changes, and can also intensify outbreaks of infectious diseases by influencing reservoirs and complex dissemination (Hayes et al. 2018;Howard and Huston 2019;Jia et al. 2020). As we are all conscious, the virus has no immediate influence except on the atmosphere and the energy industries. However, social conditions which can impact the atmosphere and the energy sector indirectly. There are clear and active country actions to deter this pandemic (Eroğlu 2020). Furthermore, major rainfall shifts were recorded due to the decrease in greenhouse gases. In addition, the accumulation of toxins declines as indoor instructions remain (Saravanan 2020). The global COVID-19 disturbance has had a variety of environmental and climatic consequences. Because of travel limits and severe economic and social slowdowns, air quality increased in many cities and water contamination has declined across the world.

Pollution Scenario in Pakistan and Globally
When the population is rising exponentially, it causes the growing concern to air pollution.
The rise in air quality is attributed primarily to industrialization, urbanisation and forest degradation. Wind contamination is seen as a significant danger to the climate. The household and the automotive industry are different causes of air pollution (Maroušek et al. 2020). The situation is positive, though contamination has been minimised and greenhouse gas emissions have greatly increased air and water excellence. Though air pollution is decreased, bodies of water are cleaned and the sky has turned blue in some of the most industrialised areas. The citizens have been enjoying the cleanest air following the declaration of the first national lockdown. The climate has improved positively around the globe, some of which were experienced decades back (Lokhandwala and Gautam 2020;Bahukhandi et al. 2020).
The contamination caused by increased particulate matter, especially for a short period, impacts the community considerably and eventually affects human health. Keeping environmental quality allowable and maintaining a strategic gap against dangerous effects on local air emissions inhabitants. Each year human pollutants create unsafe air quality (WHO 2020). Emission of CO2 contributes to significant adjustments in temperature. The global temperature increase, which cannot be ignored, has hit a high degree. Greenhouse gas emissions (GHGs) indicate an improvement in global warming and temperature (Requia et al. 2018;Rupani et al. 2020).
The NO2 emission situation for mega-cities in Pakistan, such as Hyderabad, Islamabad, Karachi, Lahore, Peshawar and Quetta, is seen in Figure 1

Conclusion
The latest COVID-19 has a positive and negative environmental effect, but this influence would be stronger and more serious in the extended period. The global pandemic (COVID-19) is a major problem for public health, culture and the climate, even if economic activities have ceased. However, a mysterious gift is often considered, where air waste reduces and biodiversity is restored. This is strongly connected to natural and economic emissions. The decline in industrial development has had an important effect on the overall trend of energy use and deteriorated the output of emissions. However, reducing environment waste briefly and greenhouse gas emissions in the emergency of COVID-19 is not a feasible option to preserve our biodiversity. This disease has an impact on human health, the international economy and the atmosphere and climate, specifically or partially. It is considered how natural components are ignored and how human influences on the climate change.
Furthermore, the global reaction to COVID-19 has allowed us to collaborate in the battle against human threats. Though COVID-19 has a particular impact on the atmosphere, resilience and time-sensitive interventions will improve environmental protection and safeguard the world against the impacts of global warming.

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Competing Interests
The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Funding
This research didn't receive any financial support.