The Role Of Nurses In Providing Social Support In Tuberculosis Treatment: Literature Review

Background Tuberculosis is a type of infectious disease that can cause death if treatment is not completed. the duration of tuberculosis treatment can reach 6 to 8 months so it really requires discipline when doing treatment. This makes tuberculosis patients in dire need of health information and social support which is very helpful in providing motivation, health information, and monitoring treatment from nurses. Aim of this literature review is to provide an overview of the The Role Of Nurses In Providing Social Support In Tuberculosis Treatment: Literature Review. Method is a literature review research, this study uses electronic database searches using keywords according to research questions from the online library PubMed, Content Science, and Science Direct. Result it was found that the role of nurses in the aspect of social support, namely in providing motivation, supervision, comfort, empathy, and information. this is very necessary for patients with tuberculosis at the time of treatment. Conclution social support is needed by tuberculosis patients who are currently undergoing treatment to provide motivation, health information, and as a nurse's supervision of patient adherence to tuberculosis treatment. Keyword: Social Suppport, Tuberculosis, Nursing, Information Support INTRODUCTION Tuberculosis is a contagious disease caused by pulmonary tuberculosis (Mycobacterium tubercolusis) (Organization, 2019). In addition, Tuberculosis is also caused by environmental and food factors, which cannot be completely cured if Tuberculosis patients do not undergo routine treatment. Which routine treatment can be a challenge in itself. This is due to the non-stop treatment which lasts 6 to 8 months (Christof et al., 2020). The continuous treatment process will have a psychological impact on Tuberculosis patients such as feeling boredom and tired in undergoing the treatment process (Baniqued et al., 2020; Nezenega et al., 2020). Perceptual aspects of social support are emotional support, appraisal support, information support, and instrumental support. Social support from health workers and nursing is needed by TB patients because this social support can create a feeling of Preprints (www.preprints.org) | NOT PEER-REVIEWED | Posted: 5 April 2021 doi:10.20944/preprints202104.0126.v1 © 2021 by the author(s). Distributed under a Creative Commons CC BY license. security, attention, comfort because they feel that there are other individuals who support, accept their existence, and do not isolate them. In addition, the positive perceptions that arise from this social support can also help eliminate negative attitudes of Tuberculosis patients such as eliminating feelings of inferiority (Baniqued et al., 2020; Nezenega et al., 2020; Watermeyer and Penn, 2019). Aspects of social support are emotional support, appraisal support, information support, and instrumental support. Social support from health workers and nursing is needed by TB patients because this social support can create a feeling of security, attention, comfort because they feel that there are other individuals who support, accept their existence, and do not isolate them. In addition, the positive perceptions that arise from this social support can also help eliminate negative attitudes of Tuberculosis patients such as eliminating feelings of inferiority (Ainiyah et al., 2019; Browne et al., 2019). In this 21 century technology is no longer an extraordinary thing but a necessity. Where technology can provide many benefits for everyday life (Cox et al., 2019; Sekandi et al., 2021). One form of technology that is often used in this century is the smartphone which is one of the electronic media apart from being a communication tool as well as a source of information, knowledge, and as a document storage medium. In the world of health, smartphones also take part in providing health information and as reminders of treatment (Cox et al., 2019; Kumar et al., 2019). METHODS This research is a literature review research. In searching for journals in this literature review, using the online library to search for journals relevant to the theme The Role Of Nurses In Providing Social Support In Tuberculosis Treatment: Literature Review in this literature, namely PubMed, Content Sciendo, and Science Direct. Search for related articles based on the keyword in the research question. Keyword: “Social Suppport”, AND “Tuberculosis”, AND “Nursing”, OR “Information Support”. Inclusion criteria The literature used in writing this journal is literature that meets the inclusion criteria. The inclusion criteria in this journal are determined based on: topics about the role of nurses in providing social support for tuberculosis published in 2019 to 2021, full text directed in english language, and using qualitative research design and quantitative designed as a quantitative and qualitative research. RESULT Article searches that have been carried out by filtering according to research keywords in the last 3 years obtained 129 articles related to tuberculosis. Then the articles related to the questions in this study were filtered again so that they became 8 related journals. Based on 8 journals, it was found that the role of nurses in the aspect of social support, namely in providing motivation, supervision, comfort, empathy, and information. this is very necessary for patients with tuberculosis at the time of treatment. Review journals from 8 journals related to the theme of social support, and tuberculosis according to the inclusion criteria, with the following results: Preprints (www.preprints.org) | NOT PEER-REVIEWED | Posted: 5 April 2021 doi:10.20944/preprints202104.0126.v1


INTRODUCTION
Tuberculosis is a contagious disease caused by pulmonary tuberculosis (Mycobacterium tubercolusis) (Organization, 2019). In addition, Tuberculosis is also caused by environmental and food factors, which cannot be completely cured if Tuberculosis patients do not undergo routine treatment. Which routine treatment can be a challenge in itself. This is due to the non-stop treatment which lasts 6 to 8 months (Christof et al., 2020). The continuous treatment process will have a psychological impact on Tuberculosis patients such as feeling boredom and tired in undergoing the treatment process (Baniqued et al., 2020;Nezenega et al., 2020).
Perceptual aspects of social support are emotional support, appraisal support, information support, and instrumental support. Social support from health workers and nursing is needed by TB patients because this social support can create a feeling of security, attention, comfort because they feel that there are other individuals who support, accept their existence, and do not isolate them. In addition, the positive perceptions that arise from this social support can also help eliminate negative attitudes of Tuberculosis patients such as eliminating feelings of inferiority (Baniqued et al., 2020;Nezenega et al., 2020;Watermeyer and Penn, 2019).
Aspects of social support are emotional support, appraisal support, information support, and instrumental support. Social support from health workers and nursing is needed by TB patients because this social support can create a feeling of security, attention, comfort because they feel that there are other individuals who support, accept their existence, and do not isolate them. In addition, the positive perceptions that arise from this social support can also help eliminate negative attitudes of Tuberculosis patients such as eliminating feelings of inferiority (Ainiyah et al., 2019;Browne et al., 2019).
In this 21 st century technology is no longer an extraordinary thing but a necessity. Where technology can provide many benefits for everyday life (Cox et al., 2019;Sekandi et al., 2021). One form of technology that is often used in this century is the smartphone which is one of the electronic media apart from being a communication tool as well as a source of information, knowledge, and as a document storage medium. In the world of health, smartphones also take part in providing health information and as reminders of treatment (Cox et al., 2019;Kumar et al., 2019).

METHODS
This research is a literature review research. In searching for journals in this literature review, using the online library to search for journals relevant to the theme The Role Of Nurses In Providing Social Support In Tuberculosis Treatment: Literature Review in this literature, namely PubMed, Content Sciendo, and Science Direct. Search for related articles based on the keyword in the research question. Keyword: "Social Suppport", AND "Tuberculosis", AND "Nursing", OR "Information Support".

Inclusion criteria
The literature used in writing this journal is literature that meets the inclusion criteria. The inclusion criteria in this journal are determined based on: topics about the role of nurses in providing social support for tuberculosis published in 2019 to 2021, full text directed in english language, and using qualitative research design and quantitative designed as a quantitative and qualitative research.

RESULT
Article searches that have been carried out by filtering according to research keywords in the last 3 years obtained 129 articles related to tuberculosis. Then the articles related to the questions in this study were filtered again so that they became 8 related journals. Based on 8 journals, it was found that the role of nurses in the aspect of social support, namely in providing motivation, supervision, comfort, empathy, and information. this is very necessary for patients with tuberculosis at the time of treatment.
Review journals from 8 journals related to the theme of social support, and tuberculosis according to the inclusion criteria, with the following results: The role of nurses as health workers is to provide support in the form of health information and provide emotional support that will help patients cope with stress. with the support provided by the nurse is expected to influence the patient's positive actions in undergoing treatment. in addition, nurses also play a role in providing information and working with the patient's family in monitoring taking medication (

DISCUSSION
Based on table 1 of the review journal, it is It was found that nurses played a role in social support for tuberculosis, namely in providing a sense of comfort, confidence, enthusiasm for treatment, and eliminating negative thoughts about tuberculosis. Garfein and Doshi, 2019). Research conducted by (Arifin et al., 2019) found that nurses have a role including providing empathy, care, and attention given by nurses as treatment supervisors for tuberculosis patients. including expressions of empathy, care, and attention given by the nurse as treatment supervisor for tuberculosis patients . In addition, according to research conducted in the Philippines social support and positive emotional perceptions, given by nurses to patients who are undergoing TB treatment can affect patient compliance in undergoing tuberculosis treatment (Baniqued et al., 2020). in addition nurse plays a role in giving Educating patients, administering medication, communicating with patients, observing and following up on treatment (Carlsson et al., 2019). According to research conducted in Uganda, the use of smartphones as a communication medium provides different social support, namely by providing emotional support, instrumental support, and information via smartphones, besides notifications on smartphones can provide motivation in treatment adherence by creating a sense of obligation to tuberculosis patients to drink. medicine regularly and on time (Musiimenta et al., 2020). In addition to providing support in the form of health information and providing emotional support that will help patients cope with stress, nurses also have a role in providing information and working with the patient's family to monitor taking medication (Munali, Kusnanto, Hanik Endang Nihayati, Hidayat Arifin, 2019).

Sosial Support
There are five aspects of support included in the social support to tuberculosis patients, namely: a. Emotional support, this emotional support includes caring, empathy, and attention given by health workers, family, friends, and the community to tuberculosis sufferers (

CONCLUTION
Nurses have a very important role in assisting tuberculosis patients when carrying out treatment, namely providing motivation, empathy, caring, and playing a role in providing health information to tuberculosis patients and their families so that they can jointly accompany treatment and supervise patients so that they take their medication on time regularly until the treatment is complete.