Study on the in-depth reasons and mechanisms of globalization and anti-globalization

Since the financial crisis in 2008, the U.S. economy has weakened, and the world economy has slowly developed. As the world's leading country, the United States has used many methods to restore the economy. But it does work efficiently. However, there are many issues in developed countries such as domestic social, economic, immigration in the United States/United Kingdom; those are not optimistic. Developed countries have entered a dilemma. The neoliberalism financial system has been unable to move forward. Populists have pointed out that those problems have been causing by globalization. Under the leadership of the Brexit Referendum, President Trump has caused a wave of anti-globalization. Under a series of systems such as the China-US trade war and the US-Mexico border wall repairs, the anti-globalization trend is getting stronger. This article mainly analyzes the in-depth reasons and mechanism research of globalization and anti-globalization alternately—the data obtained from an international method performance study. The results show that anti-globalization is temporary, along with globalization. There are three main factors affecting globalization: the situation of the dominant country, natural disasters, and wars. After so much literature review, I believe that the United States' globalization is gradually weakening, and globalization may return to regionalization under the United States' opposition.


Introduction
The term globalization is a concept and a process of phenomena in the development of human society. Globalization has made markets more responsive and flexible. There are many definitions of globalization. Globalization refers to the continuous increase of global connections, human life on a worldwide scale, and the rise of global consciousness. Countries are interdependent in politics, economy, and trade. Globalization can also interpret as the compression of the world and the international as a whole. Economic globalization is the core of globalization, which is the objective requirement of developing productive social forces and the inevitable result of scientific and technological progress. It provides a strong impetus for world economic growth, promotes the flow of goods and capital, advances in science and technology and civilization, and the exchanges between people of all countries. Globalization has encouraged the flow of goods and money, the advancement of science and technology and culture, the sales of people of all nations, the improvement of people's livelihood, and the promotion of unprecedented prosperity in human society.
The mean of anti-globalization is the conflict brought about by the difference of market occupation and capital flow mode and a degree in the economic globalization stage, which forms the subjective intention to restrict or even close the international flow of production factors. It gradually degenerates from the global political-economic relationship to the regional relationship or even the bilateral relationship.
Globalization" and "anti-globalization are coexisting. Anti-globalization" is indeed exerting significant and influence on the international community in various forms. To deal with "globalization" or "diverse globalization", we should not merely support or resist but should treat it with an attitude of objective rationality. The purpose of the anti-globalization movement is not to block or change globalization but to strive for its benefits. Moreover, "globalization" is an inevitable choice in history, which is an irreversible historical trend. Even the anti-globalists do not deny this point entirely. The "anti-globalization" movement has become an integral part of the "globalization" process to some extent.
The outbreak of COVID-19(Farmer Kevin C. 2021). has reversed the forces of economic globalization and impacted all aspects of global governance. The root cause of the failure of global government is that the global governance system established after World War II has not changed with the stages of economic globalization. The initiator of globalization, the developed capitalist countries such as the United States and Europe, gradually set off a tide of "anti-globalization". How did globalization and anti-globalization evolve in history? What are the internal logic and fundamental reasons for its evolution?
How can humanity emerge from the fog of the present and move forward on the road to the future? To clarify these problems is the theoretical premise and practical basis for us to correctly understand and analyze the current trend of "anti-globalization."

Methodology
This article adopts the method of empirical analysis to conduct qualitative research on world economic history, find historical data of global history, collect and sort them, then integrate them, and finally hand-paint them into the article. The use of historical analysis makes it easy to find the law of alternation between globalization and anti-globalization. This article also conducts quantitative research.
Based on the World Bank data, a clear and intuitive chart of the percentage of GDP per capita in the United States is established, which is easy for readers to understand and analyze the US crisis in combination with history. It also allows us to understand the history of the US crisis. , As long as you actively respond. From the study of economic history, it is easy to discover the laws of events that are happening now to understand the current world phenomenon better. However, another limitation in this article is the difficulty of obtaining evidence from historical materials. I have fewer historical documents in In this article, to find out the causes of actual problems from theoretical research, how to better discover the rules of alternation between globalization and anti-globalization, there are five historical forms of globalization in the world's global history the two alternate with each other, Interdependence.
There is also the reliability and traceability of historical evidence collection and the freedom of information accessible to everyone at hand. Compared with the content of confidential documents, there is a degree of recognition, which reduces other disputes.

The effects of globalization and anti-globalization
Globalization is an irresistible trend in the development and progress, but as the twin creatures of globalization, anti-globalization has always accompanied. Up to now, human beings have experienced five waves of globalization and anti-globalization, and globalization has made tortuous progress in its "periodic movements." Under neo-liberal institutionalism, globalization has developed. There is an imbalance of free trade and national interests in western capitalist countries, which is the direct cause of the anti-globalization.
• Globalization 2.0(11th century AD-13th century)Roman Empire globalization Subsequently, the Egyptian empire's decline caused the entire division of labor and trade system to collapse, and the world fell into chaos. It is the first of the globalization disappeared.
The second time, 200 years after the Roman Empire's establishment in the Roman era, was the peak of globalization. Under the Roman Empire's leadership, a regional division of labor and long-distance Thirdly, the first golden globalization was from the 13th to the 14th century. It is the era under the The Brexit referendum.
Trade battle between the U.S. and China. Unilateralism.
Border wall repairs. Immigration control.

Globalization the effects on the group of nations, international company, people
Globalization is the product of economic and technological development in the world today, and it has become an irreversible trend and an irresistible objective reality. It brings development opportunities to all countries, but also severe challenges and risks. However, due to the difference in initial capital, globalization's impact on each country is also different. As an active promoter of globalization, developed countries use their advantages and monopoly positions in international trade, international production and investment, and high-tech industries to gradually establish a global economic order conducive to  Capitalcriticalinue squeezes people's surplus-value, and companies in some developing countries do not even consider employees' rest time. In the non-stop work, people lose the ability to think and will only serve capitalists' interests. Now that the globalization of immigration has led to an influx of more labor, workers' employment opportunities have decreased. Therefore, globalization is a double-edged sword, and how to adapt to it is a question that people should think about it.

4.Discussion
Anti-globalization is only a short historical process. The crisis caused by the current anti-globalization is mainly due to reducing the share of the developed countries in Europe and the United States in the international gains. Part of the new developing countries has the upper hand. To redistribute the world cake and firmly grasp their global advantages, European and American governments have directed and acted out anti-globalization, which is known for the benefit of the people.
However, the United States has so many domestic contradictions that it has no time to control the international trend better, so it wants to retreat. Therefore, Trump proclaimed that the United States is the first to seek more welfare for the people and promote the return of industrialization. Global  into a worldwide problem. The beginning of this crisis was that the world's major economic forces and national forces began to shift, which determined the world economy and regime pattern ten years later.
On the other hand, it also established the contradictory situation among the world's major economic powers today.

The future of globalization
There are several possibilities regarding the future of globalization: After the changes in the past few years, especially after the epidemic, people should understand the principle of "Our fate is one. Our future is one." Therefore, I hope that all countries and nations will unite from a rational perspective to respond to a series of challenges faced by humankind, including the epidemic, climate, and environment, to form the globalization of a world of great harmony indeed. I think the world structure will develop towards a regional system, such as RCEP. RCEP (Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement) is currently the world's most populous free trade zone mechanism with the enormous development potential and the most diverse membership structure. It marks the common will of all countries in a region. The form of "blocking" began to appear decades ago, such as the European Union, ASEAN, the African Union, and South America. In the future, when global integration is struggling, and anti-globalization forces become stronger and stronger, "blocking" is most likely to appear. It is easier to solve problems within the regional relevance scope, and it is relatively easy to cooperate. I believe that globalization may develop into new globalization based on blocks. The most significant difference between this new block-based globalization and the US-led globalization is that there is no domination.